224-0223/01 – Technicaql Blasting and Their Impacts (TO)
Gurantor department | Department of Geotechnics and Underground Engineering | Credits | 4 |
Subject guarantor | prof. RNDr. Zdeněk Kaláb, CSc. | Subject version guarantor | prof. RNDr. Zdeněk Kaláb, CSc. |
Study level | undergraduate or graduate | Requirement | Compulsory |
Year | 1 | Semester | winter |
| | Study language | Czech |
Year of introduction | 2003/2004 | Year of cancellation | 2020/2021 |
Intended for the faculties | FAST | Intended for study types | Follow-up Master |
Subject aims expressed by acquired skills and competences
The subject follows the subject named „Blasting Operation and Rock Disintegration“. The content is deepening the knowledge for designing of geometric and explosive parameters of various types of technical blasting. Students will be able to design the parameters of technical blasting separately, based on a specific assignment. The assignment may include a requirement for proper rock disintegration, blasting with discard of material, non-excavating blasting, shaking or destructive blasting. It is assumed the ability of student to design the most appropriate type of blasting. The student will be able to predict the value of the damaging effects of the planned blasting and to interpret the result of seismic measurements in view of possible damage on buildings.
The subject forms a suitable pre-stage for subsequent study to obtain the authorization of explosive manager, respectively technical heads of explosive works.
Teaching methods
Lectures
Tutorials
Summary
The subject defines the basic concepts in the field of technical blasting. The main objective is to explain the design of different type of blasting, the partial aim is directed to compile knowledge on the use of technical blasting for various purposes. It is also referred to the analysis of the damaging effects of blasting works focusing on the seismic loading of buildings (methodology according Czech Technical Standard CSN 73 0040).
Summary of topics:
Technical blasting
Disintegration theory of hard materials
The calculation principle of concentrated charges
Principle of breaking and calculation of cylindrical charges
Basic characteristics of individual cumulative blasting
Designing of cumulative blasting
Geometric parameters of the charge system
Initiator and inflammation of bench blasting and areal blasting
Projection of coyote-hole and combined blasting
Cumulative blasting technology
Secondary blasting
Shaking blasting
Blasting with controlled discard of material
Blasting on construction works
Blasting on one-sided rock excavation
Blasting for rock cuts
Blasting in construction pits
Blasting for destruction
Damaging effects of explosion
Compulsory literature:
Pijush P. R.: Rock Blasting: Effects and Operations. A.A. Balkema Publishers, 2005.
Sen, G. C.: Blasting Technology for Mining and Civil Engineers. Published by University of New South Wales Press, Australia, 1995.
Recommended literature:
Villaverde, R.: Fundamental Concept of Earthquake Engineering. CRC Press, 2009.
Additional study materials
Way of continuous check of knowledge in the course of semester
E-learning
Other requirements
Adobe subject blasting and rock disintegration.
At least 70% attendance at the exercises. Absence, up to a maximum of 30%, must be excused and the apology must be accepted by the teacher (the teacher decides to recognize the reason for the excuse).
Tasks assigned on the exercises must be hand in within the dates set by the teacher.
Prerequisities
Subject has no prerequisities.
Co-requisities
Subject has no co-requisities.
Subject syllabus:
Lectures:
1 Design of blasting operations. The project of blast and principles of its solution;
Sketch of disintegration using blast; Types of blasts.
2 Design of blasting operations for geotechnical engineering (construction of underground structures, underground and surface mining, road construction, water engineering etc.).
3 Destructive blasting operations (heavy buildings, arches, concrete and reinforced concrete elements, columns and slender structures).
4 Blasting operations for civil engineering (pits, trenches, cuts).
5 Blasting operations for forestry and agriculture.
6 Blasting operations in the new technologies, metalworking, oil and gas exploitation.
7 Air pressure wave generated by blasting operations: on the surface, in underground.
8 Toxicity of gas product after blast, quantitative and qualitative evaluation. Possible reduction, gas product during application of blasting operation in underground spaces.
9 Undesirable flight of the rock after blasting operation..
10 Seismic effect of blasting operation. Dynamic characteristics of deformable materials and movement in them. Movements in solid materials. Relations between stress and strain. Energy of elastic deformations. Spreading of deformation. Shock waves spreading. Deformation tensor. The equations of movement in deformable materials. Elastic waves and
their characteristics. Plane waves. The longitudinal spherical waves in far distances. Occurring of seismic waves during blasting operations. Vibrations in a non-ideal materials.
11 Some questions of seismicity in rock massif. Types of vibration generation in
rocks. Recording of waves. Seismic effects of explosions on equipment and
structure. Dynamic characteristics of vibration. Relation of the seismic effect on
weight of explosives and distances. The energy of vibration and blasting operation parameters.
12 Safety during the technical blastings.
13 Lecture by expert - Case Histories.
Tutorials:
1 Design parameters of destructive blasting operation for demolition of heavy buildings.
2 Technological process of destruction of slender structures (e.g. factory
chimneys, towers, TV transmitters).
3 Design parameters of blasting operation for excavating of surface trenches or shaking blasting operation for excavating.
4 Technology for implementation of landscaping (road cuts) with the application of contour blasting operation in rock.massif.
5 Determination of specific and technic capacity of gas products after blast. Determination of the initial concentration of toxic gases in the blast - parameters design for separate ventilation of the underground workings with regard to blasting operation.
6 Assessment of seismic effect of blasting operation on surface structures - application of current technical standard. Possibility of reduction of seismic effect by adjusting the parameters of blasting operation.
7 Assessment of seismic effects of blasting operation on underground structures.
Multimedia utilities:
Audio-visual equipments for lectures including PC presentations
PC with special softwares will be used by students.
Conditions for subject completion
Occurrence in study plans
Occurrence in special blocks
Assessment of instruction