440-4104/01 – Optoelectronics I (OPT I)
| Gurantor department | Department of Telecommunications | Credits | 6 |
| Subject guarantor | prof. RNDr. Vladimír Vašinek, CSc. | Subject version guarantor | prof. RNDr. Vladimír Vašinek, CSc. |
| Study level | undergraduate or graduate | Requirement | Optional |
| Year | 1 | Semester | winter |
| | Study language | Czech |
| Year of introduction | 2010/2011 | Year of cancellation | 2011/2012 |
| Intended for the faculties | FEI | Intended for study types | Follow-up Master |
Subject aims expressed by acquired skills and competences
Understand the function of optoelectronic components used in optical networks.
Learning outcomes are set so that the students are able to identify and apply tasks in the field of optoelectronics.
Teaching methods
Lectures
Tutorials
Experimental work in labs
Summary
This subject presents an introduction to the studies of optoelectronics problems specialized in optical communications. Except an introduction, that represents the place of optical communications in today's communication technologies, freshmen will be familiarized with fundamental properties of light essential for phenomena understanding in optical fibres. Optical fibers themselves are divided into different levels: basic description and advanced description. All fibres are described in this way, multimode, single mode and plastic optical fibers. All characteristics are described - from mechanism of light guidance, over attenuation and dispersive phenomena. As the linear so nonlinear phenomena in optical fibers are described.
Compulsory literature:
Recommended literature:
Studijní opora pro Optoelektronika I
Additional study materials
Way of continuous check of knowledge in the course of semester
Absolvování dvou testů ve cvičeních, odevzd¨ání protokolů z laboratorních cvičení
E-learning
Other requirements
Prerequisities
Subject has no prerequisities.
Co-requisities
Subject has no co-requisities.
Subject syllabus:
Introduction to telecommunications and optical fibers - Telecommunications, basic ideas, connection point to point, networks, information capacity of optical fibers, transition from analog to digital transmission systems, place and role of the optical communication systems, history and development of the transmission properties and parameters of optical fibers, fiber optical communications systems, basic block diagram of optical transmission, nowaday stage in optical systems, future development trends
Digest of light and its properties - Plane electromagnetic wave, refractive index, energy transmission by light wave, linearly polarized light, circular and elliptical polarized light, transmission of light through quarter-wave plate, interference of light, two-beam interference, coherence of light, Gauss beam, Gauss beam difraction, light as beam of rays, refractive index, reflection and diffraction of light, Brewster angle, total internal reflection, slight as a stream of photons, energy levels of electron and transitions among them, absorption and emission of light
Basics of optical fibers 1 - Light guidance in optical fibers, step index fibers as a basic optical communication structure, total reflection on the core-cladding boundary, refractive index of core and cladding, critical angle on the core-cladding boundary and critical angle of transmission, light launching into optical fiber, acceptance angle, numerical aperture, attenuation on optical fibers, bending losses, microbending losses, light scattering, basic mechanism of absorption, transparent windows for fibers made of SiO2, calculation of total attenuation of optical line, direct method of attenuation measurement
Basics of optical fibers 2 - Intermodal and chromatic dispersion, description of modes, number of modes, physical meaning of modes, modal dispersion, mechanismus of pulse spreading and its calculations, resctriction of the bite rate due to modal dispersion in optical line, first solution to modal dispersion - grade-index fibers, basic ideas of graded-index fibers, reduction of the modal dispersion due to graded-index fibers, second and principal solution of the modal dispersion - singlemode fibers, structire of singlemode fiber, comparison of the modal dispersion in three types of optical fibers
Basics of optical fibers 3 - Chromatic dispersion, mechanismus of chromatic dispersion creation, calculating pulse spreading caused by chromatic dispersion, definition of bit rate and bandwidth, relationship between bit rate and bandwidth, elektrical and optical bandwidth, total dispersion and bit rate, bit rate calculation, specification of bit rate and bandwidth by optical fibers producers
Basics of optical fibers 4 - Reading a data sheet of optical fibers, general parameters, optical characteristics, geometrical characteristcs of optical fibers, environmental specifications of optical fibers, mechanical specifications, other characteristics
Advanced description of optical fibers 1 - Maxwell´s equations, interpretation of Maxwell´s equations, wave equations, solving wave equations, plane waves, propagation of the EM waves, wave equations for time-harmonic EM field, distribution of electical and magnetical part of wave in space, wave propagation in lossy medium, phase and group velocity of waves, group refraction index, EM waves in bounded media, rectangular waveguide, modes in waveguide, cutoff frequency and waveguide wavelengths, advanced description of total internal reflection, effects on boundary of two dielectrics, phase shift in total reflection, evanescent waves, reflectances and transmittances on boundary of two dielectrics, Goos-Haenchen shift
Advanced description of optical fibers 2 - Cylindrical fibers, modes of cylindrical fibers, LP modes, selecting rules for EM waves in optical fibers, waves and rays of optical fibers, meridional and skew rays, guided, radiation and leaky modes, optical power in fiber, power distribution between core and cladding, number of modes and measuremnt of attenuation
Advanced description of optical fibers 3 - Cutoff wavelength and cutoff normalised frquency of optical fiber, cutoff condition and total internal reflection, power confinement and cutoff condition, role of cladding, effective refractive index
Advanced description of optical fibers 4 - Attenuation in multimode fibers, general approach to attenuation, intrinsic losses, Rayleigh scattering, behaviour of SiO2 fibers, choice of operating wavelength, other materials for optical fibers production, fluoride fibers, chalkogen fibers, extrinsic absorption, macrobending loss, microbending loss, influence of mode structure to fiber attenuation, attenuation and attenuation constant, dispersion in multimode fibers, total dispersion and pulse width, electrical and optical bandwidth, mechanism of modal dispersion
Advanced description of optical fibers 5 - Chromatic dispersion, derivation of the formula for material dispersion, practical calculation of material dispersion according to datasheets, Sellmeier relations, influence of source spectral width, waveguide dispersion, description of bit rate and bandwidth in multimode fibers, choice of operating wavelength according to fiber dispersion, dispersion power penalty
Basics of singlemode fibers (SM fibers) - Principle of action, Gaussian beam, influence of core and cladding to mode field diameter (MFD), cutoff wavelength of SM fiber, attenuation in SM fibers, macrobending loss, microbending loss, absorption of light and light scattering of SM fibers, dispersion and bandwidth, chromatic dispersion, material dispersion, waveguide dispersion, coventional fibers, shifted fibers, dispersion flattened fibers, polarization mode dispersion (PMD), bandwidth and bit rate of SM fibers, reading of datasheets, general characteristics, transmission parameters, MFD and cutoff wavelength, geometric characteristics, mechanical properties of SM fibers
Advanced description of SM fibers 1 - Mode field, Gaussian model and real mode field distribution, cutoff wavelength and V-number, effective cutoff wavelength, detailed description of SM fiber attenuation, bending losses for step-index SM fiber, more sophisticated refrective index profiles of SM fibers, coping with dispersion in Sm fibers, dispersion solution for WDM fibers
Advanced description of SM fibers 2 - compensation of chromatic dispersion with compensating fibers (DCF), designing of DCF systems, dispersion compensating gratings (DCG), fiber Bragg gratings (FBG), production of FGB fibers, polarisation mode dispersion (PMD), PMD characteristics of SM fiber, polarization-maintaining fibers, PMD kompensation, nonlinear effects in SM fibers, nonlinear refractive effects, self phase modulation (SPM), solitons in optical fiber, cross-phase modulation (XPM), four-wave mixing (FWM) in SM fiber, stimulated scattering effects, trends in fiber desing
Conditions for subject completion
Occurrence in study plans
Occurrence in special blocks
Assessment of instruction