450-2027/04 – Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation (EMP)
Gurantor department | Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering | Credits | 4 |
Subject guarantor | doc. Ing. Radovan Hájovský, Ph.D. | Subject version guarantor | doc. Ing. Radovan Hájovský, Ph.D. |
Study level | undergraduate or graduate | Requirement | Choice-compulsory type B |
Year | 3 | Semester | winter |
| | Study language | English |
Year of introduction | 2019/2020 | Year of cancellation | |
Intended for the faculties | FEI | Intended for study types | Bachelor |
Subject aims expressed by acquired skills and competences
The aim of the course is to familiarize students with the basic structure of the measurement chain in terms of its properties and minimization of errors. Here are explained the basic blocks of the measurement chain, focusing on its static and dynamic properties. Another aim is to acquaint students and acquire skills in the use of modern measurement methods using special functions of measurement instruments, eg in the area of serial bus decoding, technical diagnostics, frequency spectrum analysis, etc. Students are also acquainted with the current trends in data transmission and processing. There are also presented basic information on electromagnetic compatibility issues with practical examples of measurement examples. Upon completion of the course the students are able to correctly assemble and use the measurement chain for the measurement of the given quantity, they are able to use the modern measurement technique and correctly process and evaluate the measured data.
Teaching methods
Lectures
Individual consultations
Tutorials
Experimental work in labs
Summary
The course is focused on electronic measurement using modern measurement instruments and using their special functions. The basic blocks of the measurement system are described in detail with regard to their static and dynamic properties as well as the minimization of measurement errors. Practical problems are explained and demonstrated methods of measurement of basic quantities from the design of proper sensors to data processing and evaluation. Students are acquainted with both classical measurement instruments and especially with modern functions of these devices, which enable real-time decoding of serial buses, FFT analysis, etc. In the course of lectures and exercises students are also familiarized with the field of Industry 4.0 and IoT from the point of view of realization of the measurement chain with a view to minimizing energy demand and choosing methods of wireless data transmission and processing. Here are presented and demonstrated basic technologies such as LoRa, SigFox, IQRF. Students are also acquainted with the basic concepts of electromagnetic compatibility and modern instrumentation, including examples of methods of measurement of radiated interference, are demonstrated.
Compulsory literature:
Recommended literature:
Way of continuous check of knowledge in the course of semester
Continuous Study Control:
Continuous control of the study is done on the basis of student participation in laboratory exercises.
Content and form of individual papers:
Protocols from laboratory exercises:
Protocols from laboratory exercises contain a standard form for protocols. A detailed description is discussed at the introductory exercise.
Conditions for the credit:
The student can reach a maximum of 40 points for laboratory exercises protocols. The minimum number of points to obtain the credit is 10 and the minimum attendance is 85%.
To past the course, the student must receive a credit and pass a final exam. The final exam has two parts - written with 5-40 points and oral with 5-20 points. To past the course, the student must pass both parts of the exam.
E-learning
Other requirements
There are not defined other requirements for student
Prerequisities
Subject has no prerequisities.
Co-requisities
Subject has no co-requisities.
Subject syllabus:
Lectures:
1.Basic concepts of measurement technique
a. Basic terms from ČSN EN 60359 (Electrical and Electronic Measurement
Equipment - Expression of Performance)
b. Metrological characteristics of the measurement instrument
c. Measured variable, influence quantity, reference conditions, boundary
conditions
d. Device errors, systematic, random,
e. Error statement: absolute, relative, for analog devices, digital devices
2.Basic concepts of metrology
a. Measurement result, set of values, uncertainty of measurement, writing
results
b. Metrology, categories of gauges
c. Calibration, calibration curve, calibration diagram
d. Compatibility of measurement, property demonstrated in all measurement
results of the same magnitude, characterized by appropriate overlapping of
their data
e. Direct and indirect measurements, calculation of errors and uncertainties
3.Electronic measurement system
a. Requirements definition, analysis and theoretical design
b. Measurement methods
c. Sensor selection and device / instrument measurement
d. Assembling a measurement device
e. Connection to the object to be measured, parameter setting
f. Methods of transmission of measured data
g. Processing of measured data
h. Meaning of presentation of measurement results
i. Automation of measurements
4.Basic blocks of the measurement chain
a. Block errors and folding
b. A / A measuring transducer (eg. temperature sensor to 0-10V)
c. Additive and multiplicative error
d. Static and dynamic properties
e. Sensors in the measuring chain, their parameters, methods of use. (example:
methods of temperature measurement)
5.Analog circuits in measurement systems designed for signal preprocessing
a. Symmetric and asymmetric signal, differential inputs
b. Grounding problems, common ground, thermoelectric voltage
c. Signal line, dual line, coaxial cable properties
d. Signal / Noise Ratio
e. Measurement amplifiers and filters in the measurement chain
6.A / D and D / A conversion of measured data, signal sampling
a. Sampling, quantization, spectrum of sampling signal
b. Features of A / D converters (SNR, SINAD, dynamic range, error ...)
c. Aliasing in time and frequency domains
d. The importance of filter anti-aliasing, aliasing suppression, filter design
e. Reconstruction of the D / A conversion signal
7.Measured signal, signal parameters in time and frequency domain
a. Harmonic analysis of signals with respect to the measured signal
b. Synthesis of harmonic signals
8.Architecture of electronic measurement systems
a. Dividing for laboratory, industrial (requirements)
b. Local and large
c. Centralized (GPIB, RS232) and distributed (LAN, MESH networks, ...)
d. Structure MS: bus, circle, starfish, bridge
e. Data transfer methods - RS232, RS422, RS485 ...
f. Telemetry unit
9.Methodology of Oscilloscope Measurement (Specialties of Modern Instruments,
Digital Bus Decoding)
a. Use of modern oscilloscopes - their special functions - connection to basic
measurements
b. Use of FFT, ZOOM, bus decoding capability - I2C etc.
c. Data export options
10.Methodology of measurement with spectral analyzer
a. The use of a spectral analyzer for signal analysis in the frequency
spectrum
b. Setting basic parameters - bandwidth, measured quantity, types of treys
c. Spectrum analysis - peak detection
d. Use advanced features - performance measurement, tracking generator
e. Data export options
11.Technical diagnostics (vibration measurement - Pulse)
a. Description of the technical diagnostics with regard to measurement and
instrumentation (noise and vibration measurement)
b. Description of vibration measurement process, measurement chain,
description of individual components needed for measurement (PULSE system
by Bruel & Kjaer)
c. Description of noise measurement processes - context of work hygiene -
health care institution
12.EMC, meaning and methods of measurement
a. Dividing of EMC into EMI and EMS, description of individual areas
b. Overview of instrumentation and other EMI and EMS measurement components
c. Methods of measurement interference signals (conducted and radiation)
d. ESD measurement methods
13.Modern methods in the field of measurement, Industry 4.0 and IoT issues
a. Knowledge from current trends in measurement and monitoring - data
transmission, cloud storage, data visualization
b. Industry 4.0 Link and Area of Measurement - Emphasis on Safety, Autonomy,
Energy Satisfaction
c. IoT - description of the problem, illustrative examples of measurement +
IoT, practical examples (LoRa, SigFox, NB-ioT, IQRF)
14.Use of IQRF technology for large data measurement and processing
a. Description of IQRF technology, product overview with focus on measurement
b. Creating a MESH network, setting up a network coordinator and individual
measurement nodes
c. Data transfer to cloud
d. Data processing and visualization
Laboratories:
Exercise 1 - Introduction
- Introductory tutorials, familiarization with laboratory equipment,
safety training, familiarization with laboratory tasks, familiarization
with the simulation SW Multisim.
Exercise 2 - Rectifiers, stabilizers
- Introduction to single-way and two-way rectifiers and activities of
stabilizers (with Zener diode, 78XX), simulation of rectifier wiring using
Multisim, practical connection of one-way and two-way rectifiers, Greatz
bridge and practical connection of given stabilizers connection of
individual waveforms on oscilloscope, comparison with simulation curves.
Exercise 3 - Dynamic properties of time-based systems
- Practical verification of dynamic characteristics of systems in the time
domain, measurement of the transient characteristic of the RC cell,
simulation of the transition characteristic for different time constants in
Multisim, verification of transient characteristics on a measuring
instrument for 3 time constants, plotting of individual oscilloscope,
comparison with simulation waveforms.
Exercise 4 - Dynamic properties of the systems in the frequency domain
- Practical verification of the dynamic characteristics of the systems in
the frequency domain, design of passive and active first order low pass
filter with SW FilterPro for the specified critical frequency, simulation
of designed wiring using Multisim, practical realization of proposed
wiring, measurement of frequency characteristics and their plotting on the
spectral analyzer, comparison with simulation curves.
Exercise 5 - Basic Connections with Operational Amplifiers
- Practical Measurement and Demonstration of Basic Wiring with OA, Design of
Inverting, Non-Inverting, Integration, Derivative and Summing Wiring,
Simulation of Connection in Multisim, Practical Implementation of the
Wiring, Drawing of Individual Waveforms on Oscilloscope, Comparison with
Simulation Waves, Discussion of Measurement Mistakes OA.
Exercises 6 - AD Converters
- Practical demonstration of the operation of A / D converters, simulation
of individual types of A / D converters using Multisim, demonstration
measurement of A / D converters on measuring instrument, comparison of
measured values with simulation, discussion of parameters of individual
types of A / D converters.
Exercise 7 - Temperature Measurement
- Introduction to the methods of temperature measurement, introduction to
individual methods used, examples of individual sensors, description of
their properties (range, accuracy, output signal, dynamic
characteristics), design and practical realization of measurements using
resistance sensors PT 100, thermocouples, DS18B20, discussion accuracy of
measurement.
Exercise 8 - Special features of modern oscilloscopes - decoding of serial buses
- Getting acquainted with modern digital oscilloscope functions.
Demonstration of use of FFT, ZOOM, mathematical operations. Demonstration
of the use of serial bus decoding options - I2C. Data export options.
Exercise 9 - Technical diagnostics
- Acquaintance with the field of technical diagnostics, methodology of
measurement and evaluation of critical states, demonstration of motor
speed measurement using accelerometer and PULSE system, demonstration of
data processing in frequency and time domain
Exercise 10 - Demonstration of the use of HW solutions for measuring analog signal,
transmission and data visualization
- Acquaintance with the commercial possibilities of the converters of the
measured variables on the unified signal / bus, demonstration of using
the AD4ETH converter, practical realization of analog signal measurement
and data transfer via ethernet, visualization of the measured values
using www pages
Exercise 11 - Electromagnetic Compatibility - Basics of Measurement
- Introduction to measurement of EMC parameters of technological equipment,
demonstration of necessary equipment for EMI testing, demonstration of
measurement of disturbing signals transmitted along line and space,
demonstration of measurement using near-field probes, demonstration of
measurement in GTEM chamber
Exercise 12 - Demonstration of the use of IQRF technology for measuring and
visualizing data.
- Getting acquainted to know the IQRF for measurement. Measurement sample
on the development kit - temperature measurement.
Exercise 13 - Demonstration of MESH network creation and extensive measurement
systems, data transfer to cloud, data processing.
- Getting acquainted with the design and creation of the MESH network.
Assembly of MESH network for temperature and humidity measurement.
Demonstration of data transfer to cloud, processing and visualization.
Exercise 14 - Consultation Exercise, Alternative Measurement, Discussion on
Measurement Protocols, credit.
Conditions for subject completion
Occurrence in study plans
Occurrence in special blocks
Assessment of instruction
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