450-2067/01 – Medical Instrumentation 1 (LPT 1)
| Gurantor department | Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering | Credits | 4 |
| Subject guarantor | prof. Ing. Marek Penhaker, Ph.D. | Subject version guarantor | prof. Ing. Marek Penhaker, Ph.D. |
| Study level | undergraduate or graduate | Requirement | Compulsory |
| Year | 2 | Semester | winter |
| | Study language | Czech |
| Year of introduction | 2019/2020 | Year of cancellation | |
| Intended for the faculties | FEI | Intended for study types | Bachelor |
Subject aims expressed by acquired skills and competences
The aim of the course is to provide basic information about medical devices by clinical disciplines. These are the fields of internal, surgical and joint investigational and therapeutic components. The subject fits into the interdisciplinary bachelor's degree with a focus on a specialist in health care facilities. The acquired knowledge and skills in this subject and the whole focus form the basic prerequisite of knowledge of biomedical engineering.
Teaching methods
Lectures
Individual consultations
Experimental work in labs
Teaching by an expert (lecture or tutorial)
Summary
The student will become acquainted with the principle and use of medical instrumentation for diagnostics, therapy, laboratory and special medical technology. The subject fits into the interdisciplinary bachelor's degree with a focus on a specialist in health care facilities. This subject deals with the problems of diagnostic and therapeutic medical devices, laboratory equipment and special medical technology. Gradually, the principles, diagrams, technical solutions of devices, function and the use of this technique according to the clinical disciplines are discussed. It emphasizes the specific role of medical devices in terms of their application. Great emphasis is placed on exercises in which students try out the devices and then visit the clinical workplace where they are used. Here, they are practically acquainted with the operation and clinical examination of these devices.
Compulsory literature:
Recommended literature:
Additional study materials
Way of continuous check of knowledge in the course of semester
Continuous examination of the study: Two tests of continuous examination and paper, combined examination, recognition of the exam only after successful completion of all its parts. Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes: Course-unit credit requirements: Two tests of continuous control max. Of 10 points and elaboration of expert paper - maximum 20 points. Total max. 40 points, min. 21 points. Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes: Attendance at seminars requires at least 80% of the taught lessons.
E-learning
Selected study materials are published on the e-learning portal (https://bme-data.vsb.cz/ ).
Other requirements
Students are awarded credit according to the degree of proven knowledge of medical instrumentation. Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes: Course-unit credit requirements: Two tests of continuous examination max. Of 10 points and elaboration of expert paper - maximum 20 points. Total max. 40 points, min. 21 points. Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes: Attendance at seminars requires at least 80% of the taught lessons. The test is combined
Prerequisities
Co-requisities
Subject has no co-requisities.
Subject syllabus:
Lectures:
1.Distribution and basic types of medical instrumentation. Breakdown of medical disciplines and explanation of their activities in hospital facilities. Requirements for instruments and standards. Biophysical basics of recording and measuring methods.
2.Description, parameters and breakdown of biological signals. Basic concepts, impedance manifestations of tissues, organs and their use in diagnostics, tension created by activity of different organs.
3.Electric processes in living organisms, Electrical processes on the cell membrane, conduction of excitement in tissues.
4.Biopotential electrodes, oxidation, reduction and half cell potential, polarization of electrodes, materials for electrode production, electrode properties, practical realization of electrodes, artifacts and their suppression. Bioelectric Signal Amplifiers, Basic Amplifier Distribution, Bioelectric Signal Amplifier Structure, Op Amps, Instrument Amplifier, Insulation Amplifier.
5.Diagnostic device for cardiovascular applications - ECG. Theory of electrocardiogram electrodes and measurement of their properties, electrocardiograph.
6.Internal branch - electrotherapy of the heart, defibrillation, cardiostimulation. Basics of blood circulation, pressure transducers, noninvasive and invasive blood pressure measurement, pulse rate measurement, blood flow.
7.International field - JIP - monitoring systems of basic life functions. Infusion and hemodialysis technology.
8.Diagnostic device for neurological applications - device requirements, basic parameters and modes of operation EEG, EMG, EGG, supplementary devices.
9.Gynecology-Maternity - ultrasound technique, biological effects, cavitation, acoustic flow, thermal effects, phonocardiogram, fetal cardio-tokogram,
10. Skin - properties of laser radiation, basic types of lasers, effects of laser beams on biological tissue, UV lamps.
11.Health rehabilitation - devices for rehabilitation and physical therapy, iontophoresis, function generators, magnetotherapy, pharmacotherapy.
12. Anesthesiology and resuscitation - anesthesia and resuscitation systems, incubators. TRN branch - respiratory system. Control of the respiratory system. Function of the lung and its regulation in extreme conditions. Gas analyzers.
13.Hygienic - epidemiological station - devices of ergometric workplaces as a special form of monitoring, load machines.
14.Surgery and traumatology - devices for surgical specialties, special surgical instruments and devices. Low temperature technique, cryosurgery.
Labs:
1. Basic division and cataloging examples. Diagnostic, therapeutic and laboratory devices, their basic distribution. EU and US standards and relation to Czech ISO standards, division of health care facilities and their share in patient care, division and schema of hospital and technological workplaces)
2. Demonstration of influence of electrode properties on biosignal recording. polarization, artifacts, impedance dependence
3. Measurement of ECG signal and heart rate. Recording of a complete 12-lead ECG, processing of a classic ECG paper (subtraction of parameters), Entering of separate tasks - reports.
4. Detection and recording of electrical signals. EEG, EOG.
5. Temperature measurement of ear radiation thermometer, mercury thermometer, digital. Temperature measurement using a thermistor probe.
6. Measurement of blood pressure, invasive and noninvasive measurement. Patient Monitor Continuous Measurement of Non-Invasive Pressure, Trends.
7. Measurement of plethysmography, oximetry. types of sensors and methods and measurement principles, patient monitor.
8. Monitoring systems - ECG, breath, blood pressure, blood flow, temperature, ergometer.
9. Ultrasound technique for tissue imaging, phonocardiogram, fetal cardiotocogram of fetal activity simulation and measurement.
10. Measurement of pulmonary function and capacities and changes in resting pulmonary ventilation on selected external stimuli. Gas analyzers, oxygen analyzer.
11. Instruments for rehabilitation and physical therapy,
iontophoresis, function generators, magnetotherapy, pharmacotherapy.
12. Measurement of thermo dilution discharge by catheter. Presentation of professional papers.
13.Work with a safety device for health electrical appliances and an ECG tester.
14.Operation tools and devices, endoscopes, electrocoagulator, laser knife, and complementary instruments for surgical disciplines.
Conditions for subject completion
Occurrence in study plans
Occurrence in special blocks
Assessment of instruction