450-4013/05 – Therapeutical Medical Technology (LTP)
Gurantor department | Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering | Credits | 4 |
Subject guarantor | prof. Ing. Marek Penhaker, Ph.D. | Subject version guarantor | prof. Ing. Marek Penhaker, Ph.D. |
Study level | undergraduate or graduate | | |
| | Study language | English |
Year of introduction | 2019/2020 | Year of cancellation | |
Intended for the faculties | FEI | Intended for study types | Follow-up Master |
Subject aims expressed by acquired skills and competences
The aim of the course is to provide detailed information about medical therapeutical instruments, their activities, construction, and the relationship of legislation governing their use. Students acquire knowledge about medical therapeutical devices and devices, including inclusion in individual therapeutic methods. The acquired knowledge and skills in this subject form the basic prerequisite of knowledge of biomedical engineer.
Teaching methods
Lectures
Individual consultations
Tutorials
Experimental work in labs
Summary
In the course students are familiarized and practically verify principles by acting of various types of physical energies on living organisms using medical therapeutical instrumentation. The use of these effects for therapy purposes is discussed in more detail, the critical doses that are acceptable under different treatment conditions are listed. The individual therapeutic methods are discussed and the nature of the device, the description and its construction, including the relation to the valid legislation regulating their use, are explained. Safety risks are explained using medical instrumentation and individual therapeutic methods.
Compulsory literature:
Recommended literature:
Additional study materials
Way of continuous check of knowledge in the course of semester
Continuous examination of the study: Two tests of continuous examination and paper, combined examination, recognition of the exam only after successful completion of all its parts. Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes: Course-unit credit requirements: Two tests of continuous control max. Of 10 points and elaboration of expert paper - maximum 20 points. Total max. 40 points, min. 21 points. Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes: Attendance at seminars requires at least 80% of the taught lessons.
E-learning
Other requirements
Students are awarded credit according to the degree of proven knowledge of medical instrumentation. Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes: Course-unit credit requirements: Two tests of continuous examination max. Of 10 points and elaboration of expert paper - maximum 20 points. Total max. 40 points, min. 21 points. Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes: Attendance at seminars requires at least 80% of the taught lessons. The test is combined.
Prerequisities
Co-requisities
Subject has no co-requisities.
Subject syllabus:
Lectures
1. Concepts of therapeutic systems, therapeutic dose, influence of physical fields on living tissues, electromagnetic radiation, ultrasonic waves, effects of laser radiation, diathermic heating, patient safety.
2. Technical solutions of therapeutic systems, principal block diagrams and parameters of individual blocks of therapeutic systems. Physical therapies, technical aspects and therapeutic aspects.
3. Electrotherapy of the heart - pacemakers, distribution, types, stimulation electrodes and their terminals, programming of pacemakers. Types and modes of stimulation, technical application of pacemakers in implants. Power sources of implantable pacemakers. Coding of implantable pacemakers.
4. Electrotherapy of the heart - defibrillators. Distribution, types, defibrillation electrodes, sources. Types and modes of pacing. Technical application of defibrillators.
5. Anesthesia and resuscitation systems. Artificial pulmonary ventilation and ventilation modes. Inhalative anesthesia. Principle and function of anesthetic devices. Fan classification, basic, control and control elements, optional equipment.
6. Laser technology, properties of laser radiation, basic types of lasers, exposure of laser beams to biological tissue. Advantages of coherent laser radiation. Clinical applications.
7. Electromagnetic Field Technique, Physical Principles, Energy and Electromagnetic Field Effects, Microwave Technology. Medical applications, microwave hyperthermia, microwave diathermy, microwave scalpel.
8. Ultrasound technique, biological effects, cavitation, acoustic flow, thermal effects, physical therapy. Security aspects.
9. Wavewave Technique, Wavewave Principles and Behavior, ESWT, ESWL, and PSWT - Focused Shockwave, PEK, Mechanical, Electro-Hydraulic, and Laser Blast Destruction. Effects of treatment of the locomotive apparatus by shock wave.
10. Ionizing Radiation Technique, Radiotherapy, Technology and Radiation Sources. Fundamentals of Nuclear Medicine. Radioisotope therapy. Leksell\'s gamma knife, hadron radiotherapy, meson radiotherapy, brachyradiotherapy, proton therapy.
11. Instruments for rehabilitation and physical therapy, iontophoresis, function generators, magnetotherapy.
12. Low temperature technique, cryosurgery, physiological effects of low temperatures, cryotherapy. Technical and constructional design of cryocoter, safety of work and clinical application of cryosurgery.
13. Complementary devices for surgical fields. Endoscopy, endoscopic diagnostic and therapeutic methods, laparoscopy of arthroscopy, balloon pulse contrast. Principles of electrocoagulation, homeostasis, radiofrequency, microwave ablation. Harmonic scalpel. Nanoknife, principles and design of an UZV aspirator. Veinviewer.
14. Extra-circulatory circulation, artificial heart system for extracorporeal circulation, artificial kidney, infusion technique.
Laboratory Exercises:
Within the framework of the exercises the students make diagrams of the connection of the partial electrotechnical parts of medical instrumentation and carry out measurements and comparison with commercially certified devices. This is mainly about hardware design and measurement of simulators, stimulators and cardiotachometers. Other circuits are supportive and aid to the whole.
1. Introduction to schematics and their complex integration - familiarization with elements and power for construction
2.Water pump
3.Alarm system with memory
4. EEG simulator - white noise generator
5. Cardiotachometer
6.AC stability - two-way controller for compression control
7.DC transformer - modulator and voltage demodulator
8.Binar counter with emitter tracker for segment indicator
9. Impedance reograph
10.Logarithmic siemensmeter - Measurement of skin resistance
11. Signal distortion rate
12. Pulse wave detector
13. Matching Component
14.Control and connection functionality. Verification of the result by comparison to certified medical devices.
Conditions for subject completion
Occurrence in study plans
Occurrence in special blocks
Assessment of instruction
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