450-4070/01 – Special Medical Technology and Diagnostics (SZTD)
| Gurantor department | Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering | Credits | 4 |
| Subject guarantor | prof. Ing. Martin Augustynek, Ph.D. | Subject version guarantor | prof. Ing. Martin Augustynek, Ph.D. |
| Study level | undergraduate or graduate | Requirement | Compulsory |
| Year | 2 | Semester | winter |
| | Study language | Czech |
| Year of introduction | 2019/2020 | Year of cancellation | |
| Intended for the faculties | FEI | Intended for study types | Follow-up Master |
Subject aims expressed by acquired skills and competences
The aim of the course is to focus on special medical technology and the related field of diagnostics. The benefit of the course is to gain knowledge and familiarity with the principles, techniques and application of these devices and their use in diagnostics in selected fields of medicine. The content of the course complements the basic knowledge of medical electrical devices in the study field of biomedical engineering.
Teaching methods
Lectures
Individual consultations
Experimental work in labs
Field trip
Teaching by an expert (lecture or tutorial)
Summary
The course focuses on special medical technology - laboratory technology in the field of biochemistry and haematology, as well as gas and air distribution and electrical distribution. Furthermore, the field of technology in operating theatres. A brief mention is made of special areas such as transplantation, burn centres and central operating theatres. Other areas are operating robots, ophthalmic technology, implantable medical devices and sterilization. A special area is gerontology and assistive care technology, special infusion technology for diabetics and angiology and angioline. All of these areas also have an overlap into diagnostic methods using this technology in their respective fields of medicine.
Compulsory literature:
Recommended literature:
Additional study materials
Way of continuous check of knowledge in the course of semester
Compulsory attendance at seminars min 80%,
Scoring:
21-40b - Protocols from the exercise or the semester project
26-50b - written test
1-10b oral exam
E-learning
Materials are available at https://bme-data.vsb.cz/
Other requirements
There are no additional requirements for the student.
Prerequisities
Co-requisities
Subject has no co-requisities.
Subject syllabus:
Lectures:
1. Laboratory technology - Hematology laboratories, Biochemistry laboratories, selected instruments and equipment, laboratory equipment. Principles of selected diagnostic methods
2. Gases and air lines used in health care, their physicochemical properties, effects on humans. The concept of "medical gases". Distribution and storage of medical gases, rules for operation of cylinders. Electrical and non-electrical distribution systems in the hospital. Electrical wiring, operating theatre control panel, spare power supply.
3. Surgical equipment and instruments. Surgical, cardiac and neurosurgical equipment. Electrocoagulator, laser, ultrasonic scalpel, cryocautery, insufflator, laparoscopic equipment, operating microscope, extracorporeal circulation equipment, instrumentation. Central operating theatres - basic and supplementary equipment technical equipment for operating theatres., lights, microscopes.
4. Special rooms, their specifics and security, Transplantation centre and equipment, Burn treatment resources, devices and aids, Infectious ward, clean rooms, air filtration.
5. Surgical robots. Robotic surgery, navigation systems, invasive laparoscopy, new trends. Da vinci, Cyberknife.
6. Ophthalmic technology. The human eye as an optical system, section of the eye and description of its parts, properties of the eye in relation to its surroundings (adaptation, accommodation, visual sensitivity, glare, image perception, discrimination, visual acuity and visual defects). Examination of vision by ophthalmic instruments.
7. Hearing and vision aid implants and devices, audiometry and other diagnostic methods. Diagnostic methods focusing on the nervous system and sensory organs.
8. Sterilisation and Sterilisation Techniques. Introduction to epidemiology, sterilization, disinfection. Hot air, steam and chemical and plasma sterilization techniques. Germicidal lamps. Sterilization of special ZT.
9. Gerontology and Assistive devices, rehabilitation and orthopaedic aids, rehabilitation technology, diagnostic methods in rehabilitation. Department of Occupational and Preventive Medicine, Urological and Uroflowmetric equipment.
10. Clinical Cardiology - Basics of ECG: interpretation of recordings, physiological and pathological changes, typical ECG waveforms, ECG decade, Modification of ECG monitoring: Holter monitoring, episodic recorder, telemetry in the hospital setting, Diagnostic methods in clinical cardiology: echocardiography, stress tests, cardiac catheterization.
11. Electrophysiology and intracardiac signals - Fundamentals of electrophysiology: electrical activity of the heart, mechanisms of arrhythmias, Intracardiac signals: catheterization techniques, measurement of electrical potentials inside the heart, Diagnostic electrophysiological testing: Recording, stimulation, identification of arrhythmogenic areas, Modern 3D mapping systems: technology for 3D imaging and navigation during electrophysiological procedures, Ablation methods: radiofrequency ablation, pulsed ablation, cryoablation, laser ablation.
12. Coronarography (SKG): principles and techniques of coronary angiography, Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI): balloon angioplasty, stent implantation, Special methods: Rotablation, intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), optical coherence tomography (OCT), Non-coronary interventions: left atrial appendage closure, TAVI (transcatheter aortic valve implantation), Hybrid procedures: combination of surgical and interventional methods.
13. 3D technologies and VR/MR in clinical practice - 3D printing in medicine: organ and tissue models, surgical preparation, personalized implants, Virtual reality (VR) and mixed reality (MR): use for teaching, training of physicians, simulation of surgery and planning of complex interventions, Application of 3D technologies in clinical practice: overview of new technologies and case studies.
Laboratory exercises
1. Laboratory technique - excursion to a selected workplace
2. Laboratory technique - Glycoanalyzer, spectrophotometry
3. Operational devices and instruments - laboratory exercise
4. Operating robots - field trip at a selected workplace
5. Ophthalmic technology - practice at a selected workplace
6. Sterilisation - excursion at a selected workplace
7. Operating theatres - excursion at a selected workplace
8. Audiology - laboratory exercises, excursion at a selected workplace
9. Rehabilitation - excursion at a selected workplace
10. Electrophysiology - Excursion at the cardiology department focused on electrophysiological interventions.
11. Implantology - Excursion to a workplace where implantation and follow-up of patients is performed.
12. Interventional Cardiology - field trip to an interventional cardiology unit (catheterization laboratory).
13. Telemedicine - Excursion to a workplace where telemonitoring of patients is performed.
14. 3D technology and VR/MR in clinical practice - laboratory exercises: demonstration of 3D printing for medical applications, demonstration of VR and MR solutions in simulation of operations. Excursion to a clinical workplace using 3D technologies for planning interventions.
Individual laboratory exercises may be changed depending on the timeliness of the course. Exercises may be implemented in the form of a field trip to a selected specialist department.
Conditions for subject completion
Occurrence in study plans
Occurrence in special blocks
Assessment of instruction