516-0879/01 – Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics (TDSF)
Gurantor department | Institute of Physics | Credits | 4 |
Subject guarantor | RNDr. Jaroslav Foukal, Ph.D. | Subject version guarantor | RNDr. Jaroslav Foukal, Ph.D. |
Study level | undergraduate or graduate | Requirement | Compulsory |
Year | 1 | Semester | summer |
| | Study language | Czech |
Year of introduction | 2004/2005 | Year of cancellation | 2012/2013 |
Intended for the faculties | HGF | Intended for study types | Follow-up Master |
Subject aims expressed by acquired skills and competences
Assess the basic principles of thermodynamics and statistical physics
Analyse the physical quantities for describing statistical ensembles with great numer of particles
Modify the simple mathematical methods for describing of the thermodynamic phenomene
Interpret the knowlidges from the mathematical statistics for solving of statistical physical problems
Teaching methods
Lectures
Tutorials
Summary
The subject contains the knowledges of phenomenological and statistical
thermodynamics and their detailed mathematical description. In the part of
phenomenological thermodynamics are discused the basic lows of thermodynamics,
description of thermodynamic state of system, properties of thermodynamics
proceses and system of several components. In the part of statistical
thermodynamics are discused the properties of statistical ensembles and
clasical and quantum distributions.
Compulsory literature:
Recommended literature:
Way of continuous check of knowledge in the course of semester
E-learning
Other requirements
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Prerequisities
Subject has no prerequisities.
Co-requisities
Subject has no co-requisities.
Subject syllabus:
1. Basic concepts of thermodynamics, the state of thermodynamic equilibrium, the first and second postulate of thermodynamics. Reversible and irreversible processes, the criterion of reversibility of the process.
2. The first law of thermodynamics, heat capacity. The second law of thermodynamics. Entropy, entropy associated with the heat capacities of the system.
3. Thermodynamic potentials: internal energy, free energy, enthalpy, Gibbs potential. Gibbs - Helmholtz equation. Dependence of thermodynamic potentials of the number of particles in the system. Grandkanonical potential. The second law of thermodynamics for irreversible processes. Conditions of equilibrium thermodynamic system expressed by potentials.
4. Concepts of probability theory and mathematical statistics in statistical physics. Basic concepts and ideas of statistical physics. Microstates, macrostates, ensemble of systems. Ergodic hypothesis. Time evolution of probability density.
5. The mikrocanonical ensemble. Entropy and thermodynamic probability.
6. The canonical (Gibbs) ensemble. The partition function, partition sum (integral). Relationships between partition functions and thermodynamic quantities. Maxwell – Boltzmann´s distribution of velocities of gas molecules. Classical and quantum harmonic oscillator.
7. Large canonical (grandcanonical) ensemble. Grandcanonical partition function. The transition to quantum statistics. Fermi – Dirac´s distribution. Bose - Einsteinś distribution. Thermodynamic properties of photons file. Thermodynamic properties of a file of free electrons in the metal.
Conditions for subject completion
Occurrence in study plans
Occurrence in special blocks
Assessment of instruction
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