541-0002/02 – Hydrogeochemistry (HGCH)
| Gurantor department | Department of Geological Engineering | Credits | 5 |
| Subject guarantor | prof. Ing. Helena Raclavská, CSc. | Subject version guarantor | prof. Ing. Helena Raclavská, CSc. |
| Study level | undergraduate or graduate | Requirement | Compulsory |
| Year | 2 | Semester | summer |
| | Study language | Czech |
| Year of introduction | 2006/2007 | Year of cancellation | 2022/2023 |
| Intended for the faculties | HGF | Intended for study types | Bachelor |
Subject aims expressed by acquired skills and competences
Gain of knowledges on behaviour of main anionts and cations in waters, trace elements and organic micropollutants. Understanding of basic hydrogeochemical principles. The evaluation of water quality (surface and underground) on the basis of knowledge of geological environment.
Teaching methods
Lectures
Tutorials
Experimental work in labs
Summary
The course provides information on basic properties of aqueous systems, chemical composition of waters in respect to the form of occurence and properties of individual components. Chemical reactions and equilibria in waters, inorganic compounds in waters (main cations and anions, toxic metals, compounds of nitrogen and phosphorus), carbonate chemistry of aqueous systems. The problems of influences of rock environment on hydrochemical composition of natural waters are solved (major and minor components). Composition, properties and classification of natural waters. Differences in chemical composition of the „clean" surface and ground waters. Organic compounds in waters (humic compounds, pesticides, hydrocarbons, halogenderivates, tensides). Composition, properties and classification of waste waters.
Compulsory literature:
Recommended literature:
Benjamin M. M. (2010): Water chemistry. Waveland Pr Inc. UK; 1 edition, 1-688. ISBN-10:1577666674,
Way of continuous check of knowledge in the course of semester
E-learning
Other requirements
The basic knowledge of software Excell for statistic evaluation hydrogeocgemical results.
Prerequisities
Subject has no prerequisities.
Co-requisities
Subject has no co-requisities.
Subject syllabus:
Physico-chemical properties of waters: conductivity, Eh, pH, activity of ions.
Physico-chemical process in waters: dissolution, hydratation, hydrolysis, oxidation, reduction. Transport of particles in surface waters.
The methods for water sampling, processing of samples before analysis, the sampling equipment.
The mobile analytical methods, continual measurements for waste water treatment plants and for surface water monitoring.
Metals and semimetals in waters (Li, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Sr, Ba, Al, Fe, Mn, Si, B).
Heavy metals in waters (Ag, Cd, Hg, Pb, Se, Cr, Ni, Co, Mo, W, V, Be, Sn, Sb, Tl,). Occurrence, properties, importance and method for determination.
Anions in waters – halogenides in waters, the sulphur compounds, nitrogen compounds and phosphates.
The CO2 and their aionic forms. Calcium- carbonate equilibrium.
Occurrence of dissolved gasses in surface waters (NH3, CO2, O2).
Evaluation of environmental factors in waters
Organic matter in water – natural organic matter (NOM). The methods for determination of organic matter in waters – direct and indirect methods (BOD, COD and TOC/DOC).
Organic micropollutants – classification, integrated registr of pollution (IRZ).
POPs in water environment. Instekticides, PCBs., PCDD/Fs.
The eutrophisation in surface waters. The main indicators of evaluation of water quality (Decree No. 2000/60 ES). The methods for continual chlorophyll determination.
The sludges from municipal waste water treatment plants. Composition, the main components.
The bulk and wet deposition, soil water – chemical composition, the main and minoric elements.
Ecotoxicity.
Conditions for subject completion
Occurrence in study plans
Occurrence in special blocks
Assessment of instruction