546-0073/01 – Basics of Hydrology (ZHY)
| Gurantor department | Department of Environmental Engineering | Credits | 4 |
| Subject guarantor | Ing. Jitka Chromíková, Ph.D. | Subject version guarantor | Ing. Jitka Chromíková, Ph.D. |
| Study level | undergraduate or graduate | Requirement | Compulsory |
| Year | 2 | Semester | winter |
| | Study language | Czech |
| Year of introduction | 2020/2021 | Year of cancellation | |
| Intended for the faculties | HGF | Intended for study types | Bachelor |
Subject aims expressed by acquired skills and competences
Understanding of basic processes of surface water circulation in the river basin. Ability to statistically evaluate the measured data and interpret for the needs of the landscape water regime.
Teaching methods
Lectures
Tutorials
Terrain work
Summary
The course deals with the laws of water circulation in a river basin. It also includes basic knowledge of hydrology - basic concepts, meaning, development. Quantitative and qualitative parameters of watercourses. Monitoring of hydrological phenomena in watercourses: water levels, flows, sediment regime, suspended solids,ice phenomena, precipitation-runoff balance. Statistical methods for evaluation of hydrological quantities - hydrological regime of rivers.
Compulsory literature:
Recommended literature:
Way of continuous check of knowledge in the course of semester
Working out records according assigned schema.
E-learning
no
Other requirements
Work with information portal HEIS. Hydrometering of a small watercourse in the landscape, natural section of the river (Poodří - Mlýnky profiles) and in the prismatic profile of the CHMI limnigraphic station (Porubka_Vřesina profile, Morávka_pod dam profile), and other profiles.
Evaluation of measured data, hydrometering, hydrotechnical calculation of Chézy equation.
Measurement of flow rates, water levels, in cooperation with CHMI - limnigraphic stations, ADCP method, ultrasonic devices - state-of-the-art methods.
Prerequisities
Subject has no prerequisities.
Co-requisities
Subject has no co-requisities.
Subject syllabus:
1. Hydrology as a science - basic concepts, meaning, development.
2. Basic hydrological unit - basin. Basic characteristics of the river basin - river basin area, number of the hydrological order of the river basin (partial plots), aging, river slope, river network density, river basin shape, etc.
3. Work with basic water management map and its key. HEIS information portal.
4. Geographical characteristics of river valleys and river basins - types of river network, slope of stream, natural processes of erosion, transport and accumulation of watercourse.
5. Flow in the stream bed - laminar, turbulent, spiral, influence on erosion and accumulation processes in the stream. Movement of suspended solids and sediments. Quantification of sediments and suspended solids (grain size analysis, grain size curve, boulder measurement, determination of suspended solids). Sediment regime of calm and streams.
6. Water level, characteristics (zero gauge, prism profile) and its changes - water levels and observation devices (gauges, limnigraphs, ultrasonic devices). Methodology of water level measurement. Processing and use of results, quantities required in practice. Information and forecasting of water levels (forecasting, information and warning service).
7. Flow - characteristics, required quantities in practice. Indirect measurement method - profile selection, measuring equipment, measurement methodics for calculation of actual flow rate. Measuring equipment - OTT-type propellers, modern methods - ADCP.
8. Construction of flow rate curve, flow calculation methods and their graphical
expression. Hydrotechnical calculation of flow rates according to the Chézy equation.
9. Long-term average annual flow and its derivation. Extreme flow of their evaluation. Calculation for different probability of exceeding from observation result, calculation in case of lack of observation. Minimum flow rates - Daily flow values, Maximum flow rates - Mineral flow values. Use in practice - delineation of inundation areas for Groundwater.
10. Ice effects. Hydrological regime of rivers. Types of modes.
11. Water runoff - characteristics, types of runoff. Drain calculations, total drainage, drainage height, drainage factor, etc.
12. Hydrological balance of water circulation, calculations. Required quantities: precipitation, evaporation, flow, runoff, their interpretation.
13. Working methods - method of observation and evaluation of hydrological phenomena, frequency and exceedances (symmetric and asymmetric), relations of sets of observed values (hydrological series balancing, harmonic analysis).
Conditions for subject completion
Occurrence in study plans
Occurrence in special blocks
Assessment of instruction