546-0181/01 – Properties of the Environment and its Components (SŽP)
| Gurantor department | Department of Environmental Engineering | Credits | 3 |
| Subject guarantor | doc. Mgr. Eva Pertile, Ph.D. | Subject version guarantor | doc. Mgr. Eva Pertile, Ph.D. |
| Study level | undergraduate or graduate | Requirement | Compulsory |
| Year | 1 | Semester | winter |
| | Study language | Czech |
| Year of introduction | 2021/2022 | Year of cancellation | |
| Intended for the faculties | HGF | Intended for study types | Bachelor |
Subject aims expressed by acquired skills and competences
Knowledge demonstrated after completion of the course: Students have a basic knowledge of the laws of chemical equilibria in individual components of the environment, the processes affecting the behaviour of chemicals in the environment, their distribution and transfers between individual components of the environment.
Skills demonstrated after the completion of the course: Students can use their knowledge in assessing the specific state of the environment. They are able to use their knowledge to evaluate the extent and chemical consequences of different types of contamination of environmental components.
Teaching methods
Lectures
Tutorials
Experimental work in labs
Summary
The course is focused on the study of chemical, physicochemical and physical processes in the environment, which lead to the continuous redistribution of substances on Earth. Part of the course is also the issue of the anthropogenic influence of these processes.
Compulsory literature:
Recommended literature:
Way of continuous check of knowledge in the course of semester
Student knowledge is verified in written form, emphasis is given to understanding the subject and applying theoretical knowledge to solving practical problems. The evaluation also includes collective evaluation and self-assessment. An active assessment of the students is also included in the class.
E-learning
Other requirements
Active participation in the lectures and the seminars, demonstration of successful processing subtasks, entered continuously in the semester.
Prerequisities
Subject has no prerequisities.
Co-requisities
Subject has no co-requisities.
Subject syllabus:
1. Introduction to the issue. Basic concepts and relationships describing the behavior and fate of chemicals in the environment (environmental interface and chemical balance, persistence in the environment, environmental equilibria, transport in components and between components of the environment).
2. Chemical and biochemical processes taking place in nature. Bioaccumulation, bioenrichment, biodegradation, biotransformation.
3. Introduction to the study of the origin of reactions, transport, influencing and extinction of chemical substances in the atmosphere, soil and water and human influence on these processes. Substance flows in the environment - natural and anthropogenically influenced
4. Basic physico-chemical properties of substances and environmental-chemical properties of individual components of the environment influencing the fate of substances in the environment. Possibilities of limiting the entry of contaminants into the environment and their elimination.
5. Basic processes influencing the fate of chemical substances in the environment (sorption, accumulation,…), transport processes of chemical substances in individual components of the environment (movement in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, pedosphere and biosphere).
6. Basic transformation processes in the environment (oxidation and reduction, photochemical reactions, hydrolysis, biotransformation ..).
7. Distribution of substances in the environment, phase equilibria and interfacial transitions. Modeling the fate and distribution of chemicals in the environment at the local, regional and global levels.
8. Biogeochemical cycles: main elements C, O, N, P, S, K, Fe, Mn, Ca, Al, trace elements; The movement of chemical elements between organisms and inanimate parts of the atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere
9. Lithosphere - definition, composition; substance flows, physical and chemical processes.
10. Pedosphere - definition, composition, substance flows; chemical, physico-chemical processes. Soil pollution - primary, secondary, metals, nutrients, organic pollutants. Biosphere - basic characteristics, exposure of organisms, its consequences.
11. Hydrosphere - definition, hydrological cycle - material flows, chemical, physico-chemical processes; anthropogenic influences. Pollution of the hydrosphere. Water and its function, chemical composition, hydrological cycle. Types of pollution: petroleum substances, detergents, radioactive substances, inorganic and organic pollutants, artificial fertilizers, pesticides.
12.Atmosphere - definition, composition, substance flows, physical, chemical, physico-chemical processes. Atmospheric pollution. Basic properties of the atmosphere related to the dispersion of pollutants (temperature stratification, temperature, pressure, humidity). Natural chemical composition of the atmosphere.
13. Atmosphere - Pollutants, emissions, immissions, transport and dispersion of pollutants, sources of pollution in terms of origin, distribution and time. Primary and secondary pollution, values of NPK, Kmax, Kd. Reactions of pollutants in the atmosphere, photochemical reactions. Smog oxidizing and reducing.
Conditions for subject completion
Occurrence in study plans
Occurrence in special blocks
Assessment of instruction