546-0301/03 – Organic Pollutants (Ok)
Gurantor department | Department of Environmental Engineering | Credits | 5 |
Subject guarantor | doc. Mgr. Eva Pertile, Ph.D. | Subject version guarantor | doc. Mgr. Eva Pertile, Ph.D. |
Study level | undergraduate or graduate | Requirement | Compulsory |
Year | 1 | Semester | summer |
| | Study language | Czech |
Year of introduction | 2014/2015 | Year of cancellation | 2019/2020 |
Intended for the faculties | HGF | Intended for study types | Bachelor |
Subject aims expressed by acquired skills and competences
The primary objective of lectures is to create a complete picture of modern organic chemistry and necessary basics for other lectures (Biochemistry, Instrumental methods of analysis, Toxicology and contaminants in environment). Students will acquire basic knowledge to understand reactivity and reactions of organic compounds. IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds and basic stereochemistry will also be discussed as necessary conditions.
Teaching methods
Lectures
Experimental work in labs
Other activities
Summary
The course is designed so that the students first acquire knowledges to understand the laws of organic chemistry compounds, followed by a summary of groups of organic compounds. Systematic view of important organic contaminants with aspect on their presence in environment will also be discussed.
Compulsory literature:
Recommended literature:
Way of continuous check of knowledge in the course of semester
Student knowledge is verified in written form, emphasis is given to understanding the subject and applying theoretical knowledge to solving practical problems. An active assessment of the students is also included in the class. Each lab starts with a 5-minute six-question test, which the student demonstrates that he reads the tutorials and is able to work safely and purposefully. At least 3 questions must be answered correctly so that the task can be completed. Each job is scored after the log is delivered (always the next hour) or unclassified if the protocol was not surrendered for the next hour or was delivered later.
E-learning
Other requirements
Active participation in lectures and seminars.
Prerequisities
Subject has no prerequisities.
Co-requisities
Subject has no co-requisities.
Subject syllabus:
1. Introduction to organic chemistry. Binding properties of carbon. Fundamentals of 1. Introduction. Basic concepts and definitions: Organic pollutants: distribution, classification, sources, input, transport, transformation reactions (chemical and photochemical), biotic reactions, biologically mediated reactions (microbial degradation). Effects on living organisms, bioavailability, bioaccumulation; bioconcentration, bioaccumulation; bioconcentration and bioaccumulation factor (BKF, BAF), Trophic Transfer Coefficient (TTC).
2. Fate of organic pollutants in the environment. Reaction kinetics: excretion, BCF, bioaccumulation, biotransformation, biodegradation. Balance in environmental systems: meaning of KOW constant; air / water balance; volatilization from water into the atmosphere; distribution in the water-air system, Henry\'s law; the relation of the movement and absorption. Air-aerosol balances; air-soil, air-biota; octanol / air partition coefficient KOA; equilibrium water - solid phase.
3. Organic Chemistry System and Nomenclature (IUPAC). Classification of organic compounds. Characteristic groups. Relationship between structure and properties of substances. Mezimolecular interactions. Reaction of organic compounds. Types of biodegradation reactions: dealkylation, dealkoxylation, decarboxylation, dehalogenation, ether cleavage, hydrolysis, hydroxylation, methylation, ring cleavage, oxidation and reduction.
4. Aliphatic and alicyclic hydrocarbons: nomenclature, properties, reactivity, resources, transport options to environmental compartments; their fate in the environment, the main ways of reducing their emissions in the environment. Unsaturated hydrocarbons: nomenclature, properties, reactivity, resources, transport options; their fate in the environment, the main ways of reducing their emissions in the environment.
5. Arenes (aromatic hydrocarbons): nomenclature, properties, reactivity, resources, transport possibilities to the components of the environment; their fate in the environment, the main ways of reducing their emissions in the environment. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): their toxicological hazards, reactivity, sources, transport possibilities; their fate in the environment, the main ways of reducing their emissions in the environment. Nitric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (nitroPAHs): their toxicological hazards, reactivity, resources, transport possibilities to the components of the environment; their fate in the environment, the main ways of reducing their emissions in the environment.
6. Hydrocarbon derivatives: Halogen derivatives. Hydroxy derivatives. Ethers. Sulfur compounds: nomenclature, properties, reactivity, resources, transport options to environmental compartments; their fate in the environment, the main ways of reducing their emissions in the environment.
7. Nitrogen derivatives: nomenclature, properties, reactivity, resources, transport possibilities to the components of the environment; their fate in the environment, the main ways of reducing their emissions in the environment. Heterocyclic compounds. Five- and six-membered heterocycles: nomenclature, properties, reactivity, resources, transport options to environmental compartments; their fate in the environment, the main ways of reducing their emissions in the environment.
8. Carbonyl compounds: nomenclature, properties, reactivity, sources, transport options to environmental compartments; their fate in the environment, the main ways of reducing their emissions in the environment.
9. Organometallic compounds: nomenclature, properties, reactivity, resources, transport possibilities to the components of the environment; their fate in the environment, the main ways of reducing their emissions in the environment.
10. Carboxylic acids: nomenclature, properties, reactivity, resources, transport options to environmental compartments; their fate in the environment, the main ways of reducing their emissions in the environment.
11. Substituted acid derivatives: Halogenated acids. Hydroxyacids. nomenclature, properties, reactivity, resources, transport possibilities to the components of the environment; their fate in the environment, the main ways of reducing their emissions in the environment. Functional acid derivatives: Acyl halides. Anhydrides. Esters. Amides. Nitriles. nomenclature, properties, reactivity, resources, transport possibilities to the components of the environment; their fate in the environment, the main ways of reducing their emissions in the environment.
12. Technically important organic substances I: Polymers: nomenclature, properties and structure of macromolecular substances. The most important groups of technical polymers, resources, transport possibilities to the components of the environment; their fate in the environment, environmental aspects of polymers in the environment, the main ways of reducing their quantity in the environment.
13. Technically important organic substances II: Pesticides, surfactants, organic dyes, pharmaceuticals. Characteristics, sources, occurrence, reaction, transport possibilities to the components of the environment; their fate in the environment, the effects on the environment.
14. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs): classification and classification, general properties of group representatives (PCBs, OCPs, PAHs, PCDDs / Fs, PCNs, PBDEs, PFCs, SCCPs), toxic effects, global importance of POPs in the environment, in the environment. International Conventions. POPs Inventory.
Conditions for subject completion
Occurrence in study plans
Occurrence in special blocks
Assessment of instruction