546-0507/01 – Physical Chemistry I (FCHI)
Gurantor department | Department of Environmental Engineering | Credits | 7 |
Subject guarantor | doc. Mgr. Eva Pertile, Ph.D. | Subject version guarantor | doc. Mgr. Eva Pertile, Ph.D. |
Study level | undergraduate or graduate | Requirement | Compulsory |
Year | 2 | Semester | winter |
| | Study language | Czech |
Year of introduction | 2007/2008 | Year of cancellation | 2014/2015 |
Intended for the faculties | HGF | Intended for study types | Bachelor |
Subject aims expressed by acquired skills and competences
The primary objective of lectures is to introduce students to the common principles of theoretical practice of different sciential discipline in a complete form, based on basic physical principles; and to broaden their knowledge about significant conclusions and applications, including current applications in science and technology. After successful completion of the course the student is expected to orient in problems of (chemical) thermodynamics and electrochemistry, their practical meaning and will be able to use acquired knowledge in other specialized courses, and also in solving application problems.
Teaching methods
Lectures
Individual consultations
Tutorials
Summary
Physical chemistry as a scientific discipline and its relations with other sciences. Utilization of physical chemistry to understand processes that influence our environment. The subject covers elementary parts of physical chemistry (basic terms and quantities, state behaviour, fundamentals of thermodynamics) which are followed by chapters of phase equlibria and chemical equilibria. The selected parts of behaviour and properties of electrolytes are introduced. The final part is devoted to kinetics of chemical reactions.
Compulsory literature:
ATKINS, Peter William - Julio de Paula. Physical chemistry for the Life Sciences. 1st ed. N.Y.: W. H. Freeman and Company, 2010, 699s. ISBN 0-1992-8065-9.
Recommended literature:
MALIJEVSKÝ A., et. al: Physical chemistry in brief. Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, 2005. Dostupné z: http://old.vscht.cz/fch/en/tools/breviary-online.pdf.
RONIS David: Introductory Physical Chemistry I. McGill University.2015. Dostupné z: http://ronispc.chem.mcgill.ca/ronis/chem223/course_pac.pdf.
Way of continuous check of knowledge in the course of semester
Based on the current classification order, which is part of the school rules. Knowledge pupil are examined written and oral form, with the emphasis on understanding the topic and application of theoretical knowledge in solving practical problems. Evaluation includes the collective and self-evaluation. The overall assessment is included as an active student in class work.
E-learning
Other requirements
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Prerequisities
Subject has no prerequisities.
Co-requisities
Subject has no co-requisities.
Subject syllabus:
Introduction: Physical chemistry in terms of applications relevant to analytical chemistry and technology used in environmental engineering. Basic concepts, thermodynamic system, thermodynamic process, state variables.
Intermolecular forces and states of matter: binding and non-custodial interactions, crystallography, X-ray diffraction, polymorphism, isomoprhy, isotropy, anisotropy, liquid crystals.
Physical properties of materials, photochemistry: The polarity of substances, dipole moment, relative permittivity, absorption of electromagnetic radiation, Lambert-Beer law, atomic absorption and emission spectra, light absorption molecules in the UV, VIS and IR regions of the electromagnetic radiation, nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, molecular emission spectrum (Raman scattering, fluorescence and phosphorescence), photochemical reactions.
Thermodynamics: The first law of thermodynamics, internal energy and enthalpy, thermochemistry, reaction heat and their dependence on temperature, Thermochemical laws, The second law of thermodynamics, reversible and irreversible happens, entropy, Helmholtz and Gibbs energy, chemical potential, the concept of absolute entropy.
Chemical equilibrium: The equilibrium constant, the equilibrium degree of conversion and its effect on reaction conditions, le Chatelier's principle, the standard Gibbs energy change for the reaction, the dependence of equilibrium constants on temperature.
Phase equilibrium: Gibbs phase rule, types of systems, one component equilibrium, Clapeyron and Clausius-Clapeyron equation, two-component system, Henry's law, limited miscible liquid, soluble solids, solid systems and solvents, melts, Raoult law and its applications, and cryoscopy, ebullioscopy, osmotic pressure, three-component system, Nernst distribution law, extraction, triangular diagram, system of three liquids, the phase interface phenomena, principles of chromatographic methods, the basic methodology of thermal analysis.
Kinetics: reaction time, molecularity and order reaction, reaction mechanism, a simple one-way reactions, reactions of 0., I. and II. order, rate constant, half-reactions, influence of temperature and other factors on reaction rate, kinetics of simultaneous reactions, catalysis.
Electrochemistry: The balance in solutions of electrolytes, electrolyte characteristics, degree of dissociation, Arrhenius theory, activity, activity coefficient, ionic strength, Debye-Hückel limit relationship, dissociation of water, pH, theory of acids and bases, dissociation of weak acids and bases, calculation of pH, Ostwald dilution law, buffers, mechanisms of action, Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, buffer capacity, salt hydrolysis, hydrolytic constant and calculating the pH of salts, electrolytes, Isoelectric point, acid-base indicators, solubility of precipitates, solubility, transport happens in solutions of electrolytes, conductivity of electrolytes , Kohlrausch law, Arrhenius relationship, the potential of the electrode in the solution of their ions, redox potential, types of electrodes, galvanic cells and measurement of EMN, fluid potential, electrolysis, Faraday's law, polarization, principle of classical polarography and related advanced electrochemical methods.
Colloidal systems: liophile, lyophobe and association colloids, optical, kinetic and electrical properties of colloids, suspensions, interphase properties, making suspensions, sedimentation, emulsion, emulsion types, theory of their formation and stability of liquid surfaces, and intersurface tension, adsorption in liquid interphase, surfactants, hydrophilic-lipophilic system, electric double layer, Nernst and zeta potential influence of electrolytes.
Conditions for subject completion
Occurrence in study plans
Occurrence in special blocks
Assessment of instruction