616-0402/03 – Waste Treatment (NsO)
| Gurantor department | Department of Environmental Protection in Industry | Credits | 5 |
| Subject guarantor | Ing. Jiří Fiedor, Ph.D. | Subject version guarantor | Ing. Jiří Fiedor, Ph.D. |
| Study level | undergraduate or graduate | Requirement | Choice-compulsory |
| Year | 3 | Semester | summer |
| | Study language | Czech |
| Year of introduction | 2010/2011 | Year of cancellation | 2019/2020 |
| Intended for the faculties | HGF, FMT | Intended for study types | Bachelor |
Subject aims expressed by acquired skills and competences
- student will know to define the basic reqirements comming form the valid legislative in the given area
- student will know the basic obligations of waste producers
- student will know the sources of wastes from the production and consumption area
- student will know analyse the waste samples for the basic physical and thermochemical properties
Teaching methods
Lectures
Seminars
Tutorials
Experimental work in labs
Summary
The subject is focused on the problems of waste management area, the sources
and kinds of wastes, its selection, methods of disposal and the legislative in
this area.
Compulsory literature:
1. Rhyner R. CH.: Waste Management and Resource Recovery. CRC Press 1995.
Recommended literature:
1. Woodard F.: Industrial Waste Treatment Handbook. BH Boston 2001.
2. Rathje W., Murphy C.: Rubish – The Archaeology of Garbage, Edited by Harper
Perennial, New York, 1993
Additional study materials
Way of continuous check of knowledge in the course of semester
control test
E-learning
Fiedor. J. Odpadové hospodářství I. E-learning study support
Other requirements
Student se bude aktivně účastnit výuky, bude zpracovávat zprávy z absolvovaných exkurzí a odevzdá protokoly z laboratorního cvičení.
Prerequisities
Co-requisities
Subject has no co-requisities.
Subject syllabus:
1st Introduction to Waste Management. Causes of waste. Species and
categories of waste. Historical development of waste management. Hazardous Properties
waste. Evaluation of the hazards of waste. Sources and incidence of waste. Priorities
waste. Use of waste. Recycling and recovery of waste. Costs
waste disposal.
2nd Legislation on waste management. Act No. 185/2001 Coll. the
waste. The concept of waste, hazardous waste, municipal waste and other terms.
The classification of waste under the Waste Catalogue. Authorization for evaluation of hazardous
properties of waste. Certificate of absence of hazardous properties of waste.
General obligations in waste management.
3rd Ministry Decree No. 383/2001 Coll. details of waste management.
Request for approval to operate a facility for recovery, disposal, purchase and
waste collection. Technical requirements for equipment to use, disposal, collection
and purchase of waste. The technical requirements for landfills and their operation conditions.
The method of evaluation of waste leaching under.
4th Ministry Decree No. 381/2001 Coll. Establishing a catalog of waste. List
hazardous waste classification procedure for waste according to EWC.
Green, yellow and red list wastes. The procedure for granting permission to import,
export and transit of waste. Ministry Decree No. 376/2001 Coll. Assessment
hazardous waste characteristics. Person in charge. The definition of hazardous
properties of waste. Methods for evaluation of hazardous properties of waste. Consumption
samples. The procedure for evaluation of hazardous properties. Certificate of Exclusion
hazardous properties.
5th Municipal waste. Collection of municipal wastes. Classification and
Separate collection of municipal wastes. Hazardous substances in municipal wastes.
The use of municipal wastes. Disposal of municipal solid waste. Problems
the landfilling of municipal wastes. Mechanical sorting of household waste.
Material and energy recovery of municipal wastes. Packaging materials
municipal wastes. Representation of individual components of household waste. Influence
the packaging on the environment. Sludge from municipal sewage treatment plants.
Raw sludge and stabilized sludge. The composition of sludge from wastewater treatment plants (pathogenic
micro-organisms, heavy metals). Thickening, stabilization, dewatering, disinfection.
Anaerobic stabilization, biogas production. Combustion and pyrolysis of sludge from wastewater treatment plants.
Wastes from the food industry. Types of waste generated and the compen
food processing. Animal fats and dairy products (containing PCBs). Waste
water with high content of NaCl, NO3-, NO2-, antibiotics. Use of waste as
feed, food waste, energy use, biological transformation of compost
and biogas.
6th Waste from industry. Oxygen compounds (alcohols, phenols, aldehydes,
ketones), nitrogen compounds (amines, trinitrotoluene, nitriles), sulfur
compounds (thiols, sulfides), hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
PAHs, halogenated hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls. Recycling and recovery
industrial waste. The basic concept of treatment of industrial waste.
Ecological aspects of industrial waste. Basic processing techniques and
industrial waste disposal (incineration, pyrolytic decomposition, the melting
slag, neutralization and precipitation, desalting, anaerobic digestion). waste
inorganic chemical production. Sulfuric acid, ammonia, sodium hydroxide,
chlorine, phosphoric acid, nitric acid. Recycling of used catalysts
and sludge. Wastes containing fluoride. Cyanides. Wastes from organic chemical
production. Surfactants, organic dyes, pigments, pharmaceuticals, pesticides. Polymer
waste (ethylene, phenol, propylene, formaldehyde). Metal-bearing wastes. Galvanic
bath. Iron oxides. Chelatizační agents. Recycling of metal waste
content of aluminum, copper, lead, cadmium. Wastes from the production of metals. Wastes
metalworking. Amortization management. Methods of treatment and recovery.
Processing of galvanic sludge. Waste from glass plants. Fragments
containing metal impurities (Pb, Se, Sb, Cd), slag and lining High
containing heavy metals. Abrasive waste residues are abrasive. Waste glass etching.
Regeneration of glass fibers.
7th Wastes from industries. Cement powder, salt kalírenské.
Chlorinated hydrocarbons (chlorinated biphenyls, dioxins, furans). Used Cooling
liquid emulsion cutting machining operations. Remnants of paint and paint shops
spray boxes. Detergents. Spent oil filters and
used grease from dismantled machines. Oil sludge from hardening of the spa
remnants of scale. Waste from construction activities. Waste from building construction. Waste from
transportation and civil engineering. Soils and excavation materials, construction debris,
Road demolition materials, construction waste from construction sites. Modification of construction
waste and its recovery.
8th Wastes from the leather industry. Chemical materials to dissolve
animal skins for leather (concentrated solution of lime and hydrate of sodium sulfate).
Waste from chromočinění, chromium salts, sodium formate. Waste from leather
production processes (waste oil, waste hair, keratin waste). Evaluation and utilization
Waste from the leather industry. Wastes from the textile industry. Synthetic
polymer fibers. Dyes, lubricants and antistatic agents (nitrophenol
aromatic amines, sulfur compounds). Types of textile materials and their
generated waste (fiber, yarn, textile surface formations nesortimentní
waste). Appropriate methods of recovery and processing of textile waste.
9th Wastes from the energy industry. The waste products of energy
Industry (ash, fly ash, slag). The harmful effect of ash on health and
environment. Use of fly ash and slag in construction (concrete, brick
production, fillers in cement, road construction). The practical possibilities of
fly ash in agriculture. Wastes from the manufacture of electrical equipment containing PCBs.
Mixtures of chemicals in the manufacture of photographic materials. Wastes from the desulfurization equipment.
PVC container. Wastes from the manufacture of electrical components.
10th Wastes from mining, transportation, processing and use of oil. Volatile organic
VOC substances. Spent lubricating oil UMO. Waste resulting from transport of oil
(Maritime transport, transport pipelines, road and rail transport). Procedures
due to accidents on water bodies and streams. Emissions from processing plants
oil. Liquid wastes generated during oil refining. Refinery sludge.
Technological waste streams resulting from processing oil refining waste
petroleum oils, spent bleaching clay, coating and incrustation from storage
tanks, contaminated soil and dust). Spent refining agents and
chemicals. Minimizing the amount of waste. Optimize the use of
refinery wastes. Final refined methods of processing waste.
11th Waste from agriculture and forestry. Wastes from crop production and
treatment (straw, waste pickling seeds, plastic packaging, inorganic
agrochemicals, organic pesticide residues). Waste from livestock production.
Litter and litter operations. Production of biogas. Utilization and processing of manure.
Processing of agricultural waste abroad. Utilization and processing of wood.
Waste in the pulp. Energy recovery from waste wood. Usage
waste from production of paper and paperboard.
12th Waste treatment technologies. Thermal methods of waste treatment
(Combustion, the general scheme of waste incineration, combustion products and waste
them, pyrolysis of waste).
13th Biological methods of waste treatment. Aerobic and anaerobic degradation and
its principles. Physical, chemical and physico-chemical methods of processing
waste.
14th Storing waste in landfills and underground spaces. Seals and
landfill drainage. Landfill facilities. Exclusion criteria for the construction of landfills.
Reclamation, rehabilitation and aftercare of the landfill. Fees for storage of waste
landfill. Financial reserve.
Conditions for subject completion
Occurrence in study plans
Occurrence in special blocks
Assessment of instruction