616-0804/01 – Waste Management II (OH)

Gurantor departmentDepartment of Environmental Protection in IndustryCredits6
Subject guarantorprof. Ing. Karel Obroučka, CSc.Subject version guarantorprof. Ing. Karel Obroučka, CSc.
Study levelundergraduate or graduateRequirementChoice-compulsory
Year1Semesterwinter
Study languageCzech
Year of introduction2004/2005Year of cancellation2019/2020
Intended for the facultiesHGF, FMTIntended for study typesFollow-up Master
Instruction secured by
LoginNameTuitorTeacher giving lectures
FIE38 Ing. Jiří Fiedor, Ph.D.
Extent of instruction for forms of study
Form of studyWay of compl.Extent
Full-time Credit and Examination 3+3

Subject aims expressed by acquired skills and competences

- student will know the basic technologies for the hazardous liquid wastes treatment - student will know the basic technologies for solid municipal wastes processing - student will know to calculate the basic thermally-technical parameters effecting the waste incineration process - student will be able to examine the implementation of individual technologies for waste processing from the environmental and economical standpoint.

Teaching methods

Lectures
Seminars
Tutorials
Experimental work in labs
Other activities

Summary

This subject is focused on the problems of waste treatment and waste disposal technologies like recyclinh, biological treatment, waste incineration, pyrolysis and landfil disposal.

Compulsory literature:

1.Woodard F.: Industrial Waste Treatment Handbook. BH Boston 2001. 2. Rathje W., Murphy C.: Rubish – The Archaeology of Garbage, Edited by Harper Perennial, New York, 1993

Recommended literature:

Bilitewski B. et al. Waste Management. Springer-Verlag, 697 p., 1994,ISBN 3-540-59210-5.

Additional study materials

Way of continuous check of knowledge in the course of semester

control test

E-learning

Fiedor, J. Waste Management I., e-learning study support, 2010.

Other requirements

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Prerequisities

Subject codeAbbreviationTitleRequirement
616-0402 NsO Waste Treatment Recommended
616-0404 OH Waste Management I Recommended

Co-requisities

Subject has no co-requisities.

Subject syllabus:

1st Introduction to Waste Management. Causes of waste. Species and categories of waste. Historical development of waste management. Hazardous Properties waste. Evaluation of the hazards of waste. Sources and incidence of waste. Prevention waste. Information systems operations. Priorities for waste management. Use of waste. Recycling and recovery of waste. Recycling technology. The cost of waste disposal 2nd Municipal waste. Collection of municipal wastes. Classification and Separate collection of municipal wastes. Hazardous substances in municipal wastes. The use of municipal wastes. Disposal of municipal solid waste. Problems the municipal waste landfill. Mechanical sorting of household waste. Material and energy recovery of municipal wastes. Packaging materials municipal wastes. Representation of individual components of household waste. Influence the packaging on the environment. 3rd Waste from industry. Wastes from inorganic chemical industries. Recycling the catalysts and sludge. Wastes containing fluoride. Cyanides. Waste from organic chemical production. Polymer waste (ethylene, phenol, propylene, formaldehyde). Metal-bearing wastes. Galvanic Spa. Iron oxides. Chelatizační agents. Recycling of metal waste containing aluminum, copper, lead, cadmium. Wastes from the production and processing of metals. Processing of galvanic sludge. Waste from glass plants. Fragments containing the metal impurities (Pb, Se, Sb, Cd), slag and linings with a high content of heavy metals. Grinding residue waste is abrasive. Waste glass etching. 4th Sludge from municipal sewage treatment plants. Raw sludge and stabilized sludge. The composition of sludge from wastewater treatment plants (pathogens, heavy metals). Thickening, stabilization, dewatering, disinfection. Anaerobic stabilization, biogas production. Combustion and pyrolysis of sludge from wastewater treatment plants. Wastes from the food industry. Types waste generated during food processing and compen. Animal fats and dairy products (containing PCBs). Waste water with high chloride content, NO3-, NO2-, antibiotics. Use of waste as feed, energy use food waste, biological transformation of compost and biogas. 5th Wastes from industries. Cement powder, salt kalírenské. Chlorinated hydrocarbons (chlorinated biphenyls, dioxins, furans). Used Cooling liquid emulsion cutting machining operations. Remnants of paint and paint shops spray boxes. Detergents. Spent oil filters and used grease from dismantled machines. Oil sludge from hardening of the spa remnants of scale. Waste from construction activities. Waste from building construction. Waste from transportation and civil engineering. Soils and excavation materials, construction debris, Road demolition materials, construction waste from construction sites. Modification of construction waste and its recovery. 6th Wastes from the leather industry. Chemical materials to dissolve animal skins for leather (concentrated solution of lime and hydrate of sodium sulfate). Waste from chromočinění, chromium salts, sodium formate. Waste from leather production processes (waste oil, waste hair, keratin waste). Evaluation and utilization Waste from the leather industry. Wastes from the textile industry. Synthetic polymer fibers. Dyes, lubricants and antistatic agents (nitrophenol aromatic amines, sulfur compounds). Types of textile materials and their generated wastes. Appropriate methods of recovery and processing of textile waste. 7th Waste from the energy industry. The waste products of energy Industry (ash, fly ash, slag). The harmful effect of ash on health and environment. Use of fly ash and slag in the construction industry. Practical options utilization of fly ash in agriculture. Wastes from the manufacture of electrical equipment containing PCBs. PVC container. Wastes from mining, transportation, processing and utilization oil. Volatile organic compounds VOCs. Spent lubricating oil UMO. Procedures accidents on water bodies and streams. Emissions from oil processing plants. Refinery sludge. Minimizing the amount of waste. 8th Waste from agriculture and forestry. Waste from production and plant them. Waste from livestock production. Litter and litter operations. Production of biogas. Utilization and processing of manure. Processing of agricultural waste abroad. Utilization and processing of wood. Waste in the pulp. Energy use of wood waste. Recovery of waste from production of paper and paperboard. Technology processing of radioactive waste. Sources of radioactive waste. Radioactive waste from nuclear fuel cycle plants. Radioactive waste Anomalies of nuclear power plants. Handling and transport of nuclear waste. Storage and final disposal of radioactive waste. 9th Physical methods of processing waste. Adsorption. Distillation. Solvent extraction. Membrane separation. Freeze drying. Air Stripping and water vapor. Breaking emulsions. Chemical waste treatment. Detoxification. Neutralization. Oxidation, reduction. Oxidizing and reducing agents. Hydrolysis. Precipitation. Electrolytic processes. Use of the resin. Flocculation. Dehalogenation. Photolysis. Physico - chemical methods of processing waste. Solidification (hardening) of the waste. Modification of waste before solidification. Solidification technology for hazardous waste (tablet, briquette). Waste Immobilization (hardening, bituminization, vitrification, fixation). Packaging for solidified waste. 10th Storage of waste at landfills. Principles of controlled landfill. Types of waste which can be stored in landfills. Types of landfill. Types of landfills by force legislation. The technical requirements for landfills. Basic concepts (inert waste, biodegradable waste, landfill gas, etc.). Classes leaching of waste. Single-and inter-modal landfill. Basic conditions design and construction of landfills. Scope of work. Geotechnical materials. Exclusion criteria for the placement of all types of landfills. Sealing of landfills. Natural soil. Technical barrier. Drainage landfills. Facilities of types of landfills. Reclamation. Aftercare of the landfill. Fees landfill. Financial provision for rehabilitation, reclamation and aftercare of the landfill. 11th Waste composting. Aerobic biodegradation. Purpose and nature composting. Stages of composting. Basic conditions for composting. Ingredients compost. Organic materials suitable for composting. Toxic substances in the compost. Kind of compost. Technical methods of composting (System and GONARD BIOMŰLL). Principles for the production of compost from municipal wastes. Requirements for the correct way composting. Composting in heaps. Enclosed composting systems. Anaerobic digestion. Metanizace. Conditions for the proper conduct of anaerobic decomposition. Products of anaerobic decomposition. Advantages and disadvantages metanizace. Using metanizace in practice. Types of anaerobic reactors. Biodegradation. Principle biodegradation. Aerobic activated sludge process. Rotary biofilmové reactors (various types). Types of microorganisms suitable for diodegradaci. The advantages of biological degradation. 12th Thermal methods of waste treatment. Definition of thermal breakdown methods. Processes of oxidizing (burning), reduction processes (gasification, pyrolysis). Waste incineration. Burning on the grid, the different stages of combustion. Advantages and disadvantages of incineration. Druhy combustible waste. Combustion Stoichiometry processes. Calculations of air consumption, the quantity and composition of the gas. Perfect combustion. Incomplete combustion. Check fuel combustion. Settings optimal excess air. Determination of excess air in relation to CO2. Equipment for thermal waste disposal. Sorting waste incinerators 13th The general pattern of waste incinerators. Description and characteristics of individual components of waste incinerators. Receipt and storage. Planting equipment. The reaction chamber of the furnace, combustion air supply into the reaction chamber. Materials for production of process chambers. Temperatures in the reaction space. System ash removal. Cold water showers, gas, air or exchanger. The flue gas cleaning. Venting, chimney. Products of thermal processes. Main solid residue. The rigid share of dust removal and cleaning of flue gases, their composition and method of disposal. The gaseous products of combustion. Separation of dust particles. Mechanical separators - settling chambers, cyclones, multicyklóny, wet separators. Electrostatic precipitator, electrofilters benefits. Hose and Filters pocket, for their regeneration. The efficiency of individual traps. Troubleshooting gaseous components of flue gases (SO2, HCl, HF). Dry, semi dry and wet processes capture gaseous constituents, their principles, appropriate use and effectiveness. Removal of NOx - denitrification of flue gases. Removal of trace impurities (PCDD, F, Hg). 14th Pyrolysis of waste. The principle of pyrolysis. Pyrolysis products. Low, středněteplotní, high temperature pyrolysis. The course of pyrolysis. Products pyrolysis and ways of dealing with them. Implementation of the pyrolysis process in practice. Advantages of pyrolysis. Energy use of pyrolysis gas. Gasification of waste. Principle of gasification. Gasification reaction. The course and the use of gasification. Advantages and disadvantages gasification. Formation of polychlorinated dioxins and furans, PCDD and PCDF polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAHs

Conditions for subject completion

Full-time form (validity from: 1960/1961 Summer semester, validity until: 2019/2020 Summer semester)
Task nameType of taskMax. number of points
(act. for subtasks)
Min. number of pointsMax. počet pokusů
Exercises evaluation and Examination Credit and Examination 100 (100) 51 3
        Exercises evaluation Credit 20 (20) 0 3
                Laboratory work Laboratory work 5  0 3
                Project Project 5  0 3
                Written exam Written test 5  0 3
                Other task type Other task type 5  0 3
        Examination Examination 80 (80) 0 3
                Written examination Written examination 40  0 3
                Oral Oral examination 40  0 3
Mandatory attendence participation:

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Occurrence in study plans

Academic yearProgrammeBranch/spec.Spec.ZaměřeníFormStudy language Tut. centreYearWSType of duty
2014/2015 (N3909) Process Engineering (3911T008) Chemical and Physical Methods of Material Testing P Czech Ostrava 1 Choice-compulsory study plan
2013/2014 (N3909) Process Engineering (3911T008) Chemical and Physical Methods of Material Testing P Czech Ostrava 1 Choice-compulsory study plan
2012/2013 (N3909) Process Engineering (3911T008) Chemical and Physical Methods of Material Testing P Czech Ostrava 1 Choice-compulsory study plan
2011/2012 (N3909) Process Engineering (3911T008) Chemical and Physical Methods of Material Testing P Czech Ostrava 1 Choice-compulsory study plan
2010/2011 (N3909) Process Engineering (3911T008) Chemical and Physical Methods of Material Testing P Czech Ostrava 1 Choice-compulsory study plan
2009/2010 (N3909) Process Engineering (3911T008) Chemical and Physical Methods of Material Testing P Czech Ostrava 1 Choice-compulsory study plan
2008/2009 (N3909) Process Engineering (3911T008) Chemical and Physical Methods of Material Testing P Czech Ostrava 1 Choice-compulsory study plan
2007/2008 (N3909) Process Engineering (3911T008) Chemical and Physical Methods of Material Testing P Czech Ostrava 1 Choice-compulsory study plan
2006/2007 (N3909) Process Engineering (3911T008) Chemical and Physical Methods of Material Testing P Czech Ostrava 1 Choice-compulsory study plan
2005/2006 (N3909) Process Engineering (3911T008) Chemical and Physical Methods of Material Testing P Czech Ostrava 1 Choice-compulsory study plan

Occurrence in special blocks

Block nameAcademic yearForm of studyStudy language YearWSType of blockBlock owner
FMMI 2017/2018 Full-time English Compulsory 601 - Study Office stu. block
FMMI 2016/2017 Full-time English Compulsory 601 - Study Office stu. block
FMMI 2015/2016 Full-time English Compulsory 601 - Study Office stu. block
FMMI_N 2014/2015 Full-time Czech Compulsory 601 - Study Office stu. block
FMMI 2013/2014 Full-time Czech Compulsory 601 - Study Office stu. block
FMMI 2012/2013 Full-time Czech Compulsory 601 - Study Office stu. block
FMMI_ECTS 2011/2012 Full-time Czech Compulsory 600 - Faculty of Materials Science and Technology - Dean's Office stu. block

Assessment of instruction

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