616-2001/01 – Waste Treatment (NsO)
| Gurantor department | Department of Environmental Protection in Industry | Credits | 3 |
| Subject guarantor | doc. Ing. Petr Jančík, Ph.D. | Subject version guarantor | doc. Ing. Petr Jančík, Ph.D. |
| Study level | undergraduate or graduate | Requirement | Compulsory |
| Year | 2 | Semester | summer |
| | Study language | Czech |
| Year of introduction | 2014/2015 | Year of cancellation | 2021/2022 |
| Intended for the faculties | FS, HGF, FMT | Intended for study types | Bachelor |
Subject aims expressed by acquired skills and competences
- student will be able to define basic concepts in waste management including their practical interpretation.
- student will be able to explain the essence of a system of municipal waste management in its whole range.
- student will know the industrial technologies, the types of waste that occur during their operation, and methods of their processing
- student will be able to suggest the best method for processing of a specific type of waste
- student will be able to evaluate the properties of municipal waste with respect to its material composition
- student will be able to analyze samples of waste materials
Teaching methods
Lectures
Tutorials
Summary
Students of the course will be introduced with the basic concepts of waste management, will be discussed basic hierarchy (priority) in waste treatment, described the types of waste generated in the various spheres of production and processing functions, defined the basic chemical, physical and physico-chemical waste treatment processes, described the basic technology processing for different types of waste, focusing on the description of the basic analytic methods used in the analysis of waste.
Compulsory literature:
Bilitewski B., Härdtke G., Marek K., Weissbach A., Boeddicker H.: Waste Management. Springer – Verlag, Berlin 1997.
Recommended literature:
Additional study materials
Way of continuous check of knowledge in the course of semester
E-learning
Other requirements
report from laboratories, report from excursion
Prerequisities
Subject has no prerequisities.
Co-requisities
Subject has no co-requisities.
Subject syllabus:
1. Basics of Waste Management. Causes of waste generation. Types and categories of waste. Historical development of waste management. Hazardous waste properties. Priority of waste treatment. The use of waste . Recycling and recovery of waste.
2. Municipal waste. Collection of municipal waste. Sorting and separate collection of municipal waste. Hazardous substances in municipal waste. The use of components of municipal waste. Treatment of residual of municipal waste. Mechanical sorting of municipal waste. Sludge from municipal waste water treatment plants.
3. Wastes from inorganic chemical production Recycling of used catalysts and sludge. Wastes containing fluorine. Cyanide. Wastes from organic chemical manufacturing . Polymer waste (ethylene , phenol , propylene, formaldehyde). Metal-bearing wastes. Recycling of metal waste containing aluminum, copper, lead, cadmium.
4. Waste from energy industry and metallurgy. Residual products of the energy industry (ash, fly ash, slag) . The harmful effect of fly ash on health and environment. The use of fly ash and slag in construction. Practical possibilities of use of fly ash in agriculture. Waste production and processing from metallurgical plants.
5. Wastes from the manufacture of electrical equipment containing PCBs. PVC packages. Waste from mining, transportation, processing and utilization of oil. Volatile organic compounds, VOCs. Spent lubricating oil.
6. Waste from agriculture and forestry. Wastes from crop production and processing. Livestock waste. The use and processing of wood.
7. Aqueous extracts and analytical methods used for their analysis.
8. Basic thermochemical characteristics of combustible wastes and analytical methods for their determination.
9. Legislation of waste management. Act No. 185/2001, about waste. The concept of waste, hazardous waste , municipal waste and other concepts. The classification of waste under the Waste Catalogue. Further implementing legislation .
10. Physical methods of waste treatment and basic characteristics. Adsorption . Distillation . Solvent extraction . Membrane separation . Freeze-drying. Chemical methods of waste treatment. Detoxification . Neutralization. Oxidation, reduction. Hydrolysis. Precipitation. Electrolytic processes. The use of ion exchangers. Flocculation. Physico - chemical methods of processing waste. Solidification (hardening) of the waste.
11. Landfill disposal. Principles controlled landfill. Types of waste that can be landfilled. Types of landfills. Groups landfill according to applicable legislation. Fees for landfill. Financial provision for remediation, restoration and aftercare of the landfill.
12. Composting of waste. Aerobic biodegradation. The purpose and nature of composting. The course of composting. Basic conditions for composting. Phase composting. Anaerobic decomposition. Conditions for the proper conduct of anaerobic decomposition. Products of anaerobic decomposition. Advantages and disadvantages of anaerobic digestion.
13. Energy recovery (incineration). The principle of combustion, the combustion process. Combustible waste. Advantages and disadvantages of incineration. General scheme of waste incinerators.
14. Pyrolysis of waste. The principle of pyrolysis. The course of pyrolysis. Pyrolysis products and ways of dealing with them. Implementation of the pyrolysis process in practice. Gasification of waste. The principle of gasification. Waste suitable for gasification. The process and the use of gasification . Advantages and disadvantages of gasification.
Conditions for subject completion
Occurrence in study plans
Occurrence in special blocks
Assessment of instruction