617-0005/01 – Organic Chemistry (CHO)
| Gurantor department | Department of Chemistry | Credits | 6 |
| Subject guarantor | doc. Ing. Petr Pánek, CSc. | Subject version guarantor | doc. Ing. Petr Pánek, CSc. |
| Study level | undergraduate or graduate | Requirement | Compulsory |
| Year | 1 | Semester | summer |
| | Study language | Czech |
| Year of introduction | 1999/2000 | Year of cancellation | 2010/2011 |
| Intended for the faculties | FBI | Intended for study types | Bachelor |
Subject aims expressed by acquired skills and competences
The topic of our approach is to emphasize the relationship between structure and reactivity of the most important groups of organic compounds.
Regular lectures are in Czech language, individual consulting and examination may be taken in English.
Teaching methods
Lectures
Seminars
Experimental work in labs
Summary
In fourteen lectures from Organic chemistry is discussed structure and reactivity of saturated, unsaturated aliphatic and alicyclic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons and their functional derivatives: derivatives of halogens, derivatives of nitrogen, derivatives of sulfure, derivatives of oxygen (alcohols, phenols, ethers, carbonyl compounds, carboxylic acids and derivatives of carboxylic acids).
Compulsory literature:
Recommended literature:
Way of continuous check of knowledge in the course of semester
E-learning
Other requirements
Prerequisities
Co-requisities
Subject has no co-requisities.
Subject syllabus:
1. Introduction to Organic Chemistry. The subject of organic chemistry. A brief history of organic
chemistry as a science. Binding properties of carbon atom (molecular orbitals, sigma- and pi- bonds,
bond energy, bond polarity, hybridization, electron effects).
2.Fundamentals of the stereochemistry. (isomerism, configuration and conformation, depicting the structure of organic molecules (types of formulas and models, 3D-presentation).
3.The system and the nomenclature of organic chemistry. Classification of organic compounds.
Nomenclature of organic chemistry (principles, nomenclature
IUPAC). The relationship between the structure and the properties of substances. Intermolecular forces.
4.Reactions of organic compounds and their mechanism. Homolysis and heterolysis of bonds to carbon. Radical, electrophilic and nucleophilic species. Molecularity and order of the reaction. Energy changes and the theory of transitional state (transition state, energy of activation,free-energy diagrams, reaction heat).
5.Hydrocarbons. Nomenclature of alifatic and alicyclic saturated hydrocarbons.
Radical substitution. Cracking (noncatalysed and catalyzed) and isomerisation.
Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Hydrocarbon resources and their use. Unsaturated
hydrocarbons. Nomenclature of alkenes and alkynes. Radical and ion additions to multiple
bonds. Elimination reactions. Resources and industrial use of unsaturated hydrocarbons.
6.Aromatic hydrocarbons. Nomenclature. Modern theories of the structure of benzene. Reactions of aromatic compounds (nitration, sulfonation, alkylation, acylation, oxidation, catalytic hydrogenation). Petrochemical and coal-tar sources of aromatic hydrocarbons. Industrial use. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their toxicological risk.
7. Derivatives of hydrocarbons. Halogen, hydroxy and sulfur derivatives. Ethers. Nomenclature, properties, toxicology, applications. Synthesis and significant reactions.
8.Derivatives of hydrocarbons. Nitrogen derivatives (nitro compounds, amines, diazonium
salts, azo compounds). Reactivity, properties, toxicology. Synthesis and significant reactions.
Heterocyclic compounds. Five-and six-membered heterocycles and their reactivity.
9.Carbonyl compounds. Nomenclature of aldehydes and ketones. Reactivity ( oxidation, reduction and addition to carbonyl group). Preparation and use. Organometallic compounds, nomenclature, reactivity, toxicology, applications. Grignard compounds and their reactions.
10.Carboxylic acids. Nomenclature. Acidity versus structure, neutralization. Reactivity of
the carboxylic group (esterification, decarboxylation). Preparation and production of carboxylic acids.
Industrially the most important acids and their utilization.
11. Substitution derivatives of carboxylic acids.Halogen and hydroxy acids. Lactones.
Amino acids. Lactams. Reactivity, properties, application.
12. Functional derivatives of acids. Acyl halides. Anhydride. Esters. Amides. Nitriles.
Reactivity, properties, toxicology, applications. Synthesis and applications.
13. Derivatives of the carbonic acid (phosgene, urea and sulfur analogues).
The most important natural organic substances. Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins. Protein synthesis.
14. Technically important organic compounds. Polymers. Synthesis of polymers. The most important group of technical
polymers.
Conditions for subject completion
Occurrence in study plans
Occurrence in special blocks
Assessment of instruction
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