617-2068/01 – Organic and macromolecular chemistry (OMCH)
| Gurantor department | Department of Chemistry | Credits | 5 |
| Subject guarantor | doc. Ing. Lenka Kulhánková, Ph.D. | Subject version guarantor | doc. Ing. Lenka Kulhánková, Ph.D. |
| Study level | undergraduate or graduate | Requirement | Compulsory |
| Year | 1 | Semester | summer |
| | Study language | Czech |
| Year of introduction | 2021/2022 | Year of cancellation | |
| Intended for the faculties | FMT | Intended for study types | Bachelor |
Subject aims expressed by acquired skills and competences
- to define the binding properties of carbon,
- to detect intermolecular interactions and their effect on the melting point, the boiling point and the solubility of organic compounds,
- to define the separation of organic compounds into groups,
- to know the nomenclature of organic compounds,
- to describe the relationship between structure and properties of organic compounds,
- to describe the physical properties of hydrocarbons and their derivatives,
- to describe the reactivity of hydrocarbons and their derivatives,
- to describe the most common hydrocarbons and their derivatives,
- to define the basic groups, structure, properties and methods of preparation for polymeric substances.
Acquired knowledge:
- the ability to define a core group of organic compounds,
- the ability to determine the name of organic compounds,
- the ability to characterize the relationship between structure and properties of organic substances,
- the ability to characterize the reactions of organic compounds.
Teaching methods
Lectures
Seminars
Individual consultations
Other activities
Summary
The review of the key principles of the organic chemistry, modern methods of organic synthesis and organic analysis, as well as extension of the knowledge about the most important groups of organic and macromolecular compounds.
Compulsory literature:
Recommended literature:
Way of continuous check of knowledge in the course of semester
Written and oral exam.
E-learning
Other requirements
Passing of credit test.
Prerequisities
Subject has no prerequisities.
Co-requisities
Subject has no co-requisities.
Subject syllabus:
Lectures
1. Introduction into the organic chemistry. History of organic chemistry. Bonding power of carbon (molecular orbitals, sigma and pí bond, energy of bond, polarity of bond, hybridization, effects of electron). Relation between the structure and the properties of substances. Intermolecular interaction (van der Waals interaction, interaction of dipole, hydrogen bonds) and their influence on the melting temperature, boiling temperature and solubility.
2. Principles of stereochemistry of organic compounds. Drawing organic molecules (types of formulae, projection, models, 3D-shape of molecules). Polymerism and isomerism (constitutional, geometric, enantiomeric). The conformation of organic compounds.
3. Chemical reactions of organic compounds. Classification of organic reactions. Homolysis and heterolysis. Electrophilic and nucleophilic agents. Aliphatic and alicyclic hydrocarbons. Nomenclature of saturated hydrocarbons. Radical substitution. Cracking (catalyzed and uncatalyzed) and isomerization. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Resources of hydrocarbons and their application.
4. Unsaturated hydrocarbons. Radical and ion addition on double bond. Elimination reactions. Resources of unsaturated hydrocarbons and their industrial application.
5. Aromatic compounds. Delocalization of pí electrons. Electrophilic aromatic substitution (nitration, sulfonation, alcylation, acylation, halogenation) and others reactions. Resources of aromates and their industrial application. Toxicity of polyaromatic compounds.
6. Halogen derivatives of hydrocarbons. Physical properties, toxicity and application. Synthesis and important reactions.
7. Nitrogen derivatives of hydrocarbons (nitrocompounds, amines, diazonium salts, azocompounds). Physical properties, toxicity and application. Synthesis and important reactions. Alkaloids.
8. Sulfur derivatives of hydrocarbons (thioalcohols and thiophenols, sulfides, sulfonic acids). Physical properties and application. Synthesis and important reactions. Detergents.
9. Oxygen derivatives of hydrocarbons. Alcohols and phenols. Ethers. Physical properties, toxicity and application. Synthesis and important reactions.
10. Carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones). Physical properties, toxicity and application. Synthesis and important reactions. Organometallic compounds. Reactivity, toxicity and application. Grignard reagents and their reactions.
11. Carboxylic acids. Physical properties and application. Synthesis and important reactions (acidity versus structure, neutralization, esterification, decarboxylation).
12. Substitutional derivatives of carboxylic acids. Physical properties and application. Synthesis and important reactions. Functional derivatives of carboxylic acids. Physical properties, toxicity and application. Synthesis and important reactions. Derivatives of carbonic acid (phosgene, urea and their sulfur analogues).
13. Polymers (types, structure, properties, basic reactions of polymers preparation).
13. Polymers (overview of technically most important polymers).
Conditions for subject completion
Occurrence in study plans
Occurrence in special blocks
Assessment of instruction