618-0802/01 – Theory of Steelmaking Processes (TeoOcP)
| Gurantor department | Department of Metallurgy and Foundry | Credits | 5 |
| Subject guarantor | prof. Ing. Zdeněk Adolf, CSc. | Subject version guarantor | prof. Ing. Zdeněk Adolf, CSc. |
| Study level | undergraduate or graduate | Requirement | Compulsory |
| Year | 1 | Semester | summer |
| | Study language | Czech |
| Year of introduction | 2004/2005 | Year of cancellation | 2015/2016 |
| Intended for the faculties | FMT | Intended for study types | Follow-up Master |
Subject aims expressed by acquired skills and competences
- student will be able to formulate conditions for equilibrium of processes and describe basic types of solutions (melts)
- student will be able to characterise processes running at the interface metal-atmosphere and metal-slag
- student will be able to solve the tasks aimed at optimisation of development of steelmaking processes
Teaching methods
Lectures
Seminars
Individual consultations
Tutorials
Project work
Other activities
Summary
In the subject are explicated physico-chemical principle of high-temperature
processes proceeding during production, refining and casting of steel. Subject
is aimed onto melts of slag and steel and onto interactions proceeding on
their phase interface and interface with atmosphere.
Compulsory literature:
Recommended literature:
Way of continuous check of knowledge in the course of semester
Two semestral papers evaluated by points and their defence within seminars in the course of lessons.
E-learning
Lessons are continuously enriched by ever expanding implementation of e-learning elements.
Other requirements
There are not additional requirements on students in the field of this subject.
Prerequisities
Subject has no prerequisities.
Co-requisities
Subject has no co-requisities.
Subject syllabus:
Lectures
1. Equilibria. Equilibrium constant and manners of its expression. Principle of action and reaction.
2. Criteria of processes equilibria (G, K). Reaction isotherm and its importance.
3. Ideal solution – Raoult’s law. Diluted solution – Henry’s law.
4. Thermodynamic activity of a component in solution. Manners of expressing activity of component in solution.
5. Calculation of activity coefficients in poly-component systems. Molten steelmaking slags – molecular theory of slags.
6. Ion theory of slags. Affinity of elements – especially to oxygen.
7. Nernst distribution law. Distribution of oxygen between slag and metal.
8. Reactions running at production and refining of steel: oxidation of Si and Mn, transfer of oxygen from atmosphere into steel bath. Dephosphorisation of steel.
9. Desulphurisation of steel. Solubility of gases in metals; dependence on partial pressure of gas and on temperature.
10. Hydrogen in iron and steel. Nitrogen in iron and steel.
11. Oxygen in iron and steel. Carbon reaction and its importance at production and refining of steel.
12. Influence of temperature and pressure of development of carbon reaction. Vacuum carbon deoxidation of steel.
13. Coagulating deoxidation of steel. Diffusion deoxidation and deoxidation of steel by synthetic slags.
14. Inclusions in steel. Nucleation of inclusion and modification of inclusions.
Exercises
1. 1st, 2nd, 3rd law of thermodynamics, thermal capacities, enthalpy, entropy.
2. Gibbs and Helmholtz energy. Technical library - selection and processing of topical literary sources from the area of metallurgy of steelmaking.
3. Calculations of equilibrium constants of reactions, specification of paper.
4. Reaction isobar, reaction isotherm.
5. Raoult’s and Henry’s law - calculations.
6. Calculations of regular, athermal and real solution.
7. Calculation of activity coefficients in poly-component systems.
8. Calculation of molecular and ion composition of slags.
9. Distributive equilibrium between slag and metal (phosphorus, sulphur), specification of program.
10. Reactions running at refining of steel (decarburisation, dephosphorisation, oxidation of silicon and manganese).
11. Reactions running at refining of steel (calculations of the succession of oxidation of elements), deoxidation of steel.
12. Gases in steel, test.
13. Seminar - presentation of results of study of literature.
14. Credit.
Conditions for subject completion
Occurrence in study plans
Occurrence in special blocks
Assessment of instruction