619-0401/01 – Theory of Technological Processes (TTP)
| Gurantor department | Department of Physical Chemistry and Theory of Technological Processes | Credits | 6 |
| Subject guarantor | prof. Ing. Jana Dobrovská, CSc. | Subject version guarantor | doc. Ing. Rostislav Dudek, Ph.D. |
| Study level | undergraduate or graduate | | |
| | Study language | Czech |
| Year of introduction | 2004/2005 | Year of cancellation | 2014/2015 |
| Intended for the faculties | FMT | Intended for study types | Bachelor |
Subject aims expressed by acquired skills and competences
- to define solutions - Raoult´s law and Henry´s law, ideal and nonideal solutions, the thermodynamic
activity of a component in solution, thermodynamic quantities and thermodynamic models of solutions
- to apply the chemical thermodynamics and kinetics on pyrometallurgical processes – the thermal
dissociation, the extraction of metals from their oxides, the Boudouard reaction
- to observe and analyse processes and interaction between metal melts and a gaseous phase
- to observe and analyse processes between metal melts and oxidic melts
- to outline physical properties of melts - liquid metals and oxidic melts
- to apply gained theoretical knowledge in routine
Teaching methods
Lectures
Individual consultations
Tutorials
Experimental work in labs
Summary
The topic of the subject is theoretical foundation in the area of application of the physical chemistry principles to particular technological processes.
Compulsory literature:
ATKINS,P.W. Physical Chemistry. Fourth Edition, Oxford: Oxford University
Press, 1993. 995 s.
Bodsworth,C. Physical Chemistry of Iron and Steel manufacture, London 1962.
GASKELL,D.R. Introduction to Metallurgical Thermodynamics. Washington: McGraw-
Hill Book Company, 1973.520 p.
Recommended literature:
GASKELL,D.R. Introduction to Metallurgical Thermodynamics. Washington: McGraw-
Additional study materials
Way of continuous check of knowledge in the course of semester
- two calculation exam
- five laboratory protocols
- active participation in seminars
E-learning
Other requirements
No other activities required.
Prerequisities
Co-requisities
Subject has no co-requisities.
Subject syllabus:
Introduction. Fundamentals of gas laws.
The chemical thermodynamics – heat capacities, definition, properties and classification. The First law of thermodynamics, definition, signification – heat of reaction. Laws of thermochemistry, theoretical calculation of reaction heat. Kirchhoff’s law - variation of the reaction enthalpy wih temperature, the heating and cooling of substances. The Second law of thermodynamics – definition and signification.
Thermodynamic potentials – Helmholtz and Gibbs free energy. Conditions of thermodynamic equilibrium.
Chemical equilibrium, the equilibrium constants for homogeneous nad heterogeneous chemical reactions, types of equilibrium constants, calculation of equilibrium composition. The Van´t Hoff reaction isotherm, isobare and isochore.
The phase equilibrium. Partial molar quantities, chemical potential and its significance for physical equilibrium. The Gibbs phase rule, phase, state of aggregation, component, degree of freedom, phase equilibrium of pure substances, Clapeyron equation, Clausius-Clapeyron equation.
The chemical kinetics - homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions - basic kinetic terms (rate of chemical reaction, order of reaction, molecularity, rate constant, reaction mechanism). Kinetic equations with different order, the temperature dependence of the rate of reaction. Diffusion and adsorption in heterogeneous kinetics, application in technological processes.
Metal melts, oxide melts, physicochemical properties.
The thermal dissociation of coumpounds, oxide reduction, thermodynamics and kinetics. The metal oxidation kinetics.
Solutions and their classification, description, properties, thermodynamic models of solutions.
Molten slags, molecular and ionic theory, physicochemical properties.
Reactions between slag and metal – distribution of oxygen and sulphur, desulphurisation, dephosphorization, deoxidation.
Inclusions in liquid metals – formation, growth and sepataion of inclusions.
Physical and metallurgical aspects of gases in molten metal, the Sievert's law.
Surface reactions, theory and application.
Conditions for subject completion
Conditions for completion are defined only for particular subject version and form of study
Occurrence in study plans
Occurrence in special blocks
Assessment of instruction