619-0803/01 – Special Topics in Heterogeneous Kinetics (VKHK)
| Gurantor department | Department of Physical Chemistry and Theory of Technological Processes | Credits | 6 |
| Subject guarantor | prof. Ing. Ľudovít Dobrovský, CSc., dr. h. c. | Subject version guarantor | prof. Ing. Ľudovít Dobrovský, CSc., dr. h. c. |
| Study level | undergraduate or graduate | Requirement | Compulsory |
| Year | 1 | Semester | summer |
| | Study language | Czech |
| Year of introduction | 2005/2006 | Year of cancellation | 2015/2016 |
| Intended for the faculties | FMT | Intended for study types | Follow-up Master |
Subject aims expressed by acquired skills and competences
- to define and use kinetics terms and relations - rate of chemical reaction, kinetic equation, order of reaction, rate constant, molecularity, reaction mechanism
- to define the theory of reaction rates – the collision theory of reaction rates, activated complex theory
- to describe and interpret basic steps of heterogeneous process - physical processes, limiting the kinetics of heterogeneous processes, diffusion, the Fick's first and second law, new phase formation and growth, adsorption, adsorption isotherms
- to characterize kinetics course of heterogeneous catalyzed reactions
- to apply gained theoretical knowledge in routine
Teaching methods
Lectures
Individual consultations
Tutorials
Experimental work in labs
Summary
The topic of the subject is theoretical foundation in the area of physical
chemistry principles to particular heterogeneous reactions.
Compulsory literature:
Atkins,P.W., Physical Chemistry, Oxford university press, Oxford 1993, 995 p.
Laidler,K.J., Chemical kinetics, Harper and Row, New York 1987.
Recommended literature:
Satterfield,C., Heterogenous catalysis in practice, McGraw-Hill, New York 1980.
Crank,J., The mathematics of diffusion, Claredon press, Oxford 1975.
Bond,G.C., Heterogeneous catalysis:principles and applications, Clarendon
Press,Oxford 1986.
Additional study materials
Way of continuous check of knowledge in the course of semester
- two calculation exam
- five laboratory protocols
- active participation in seminars
E-learning
Other requirements
No other activities required.
Prerequisities
Subject has no prerequisities.
Co-requisities
Subject has no co-requisities.
Subject syllabus:
1. Terminology in chemical kinetics – reaction rate, rate equation, order of reaction, rate constant, molecularity, reaction mechanism. Classification of chemical reactions – simple and simultaneous reactions, homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions.
2. Homogeneous reactions - integrated form of the kinetic equation (first-order reactions, second-order reactions, third-order reactions, nth-order reactions), methods to determine reaction orders. Kinetics of
simultaneous reactions (reversible, parallel and consecutive reactions) – kinetic description,
rate-determining process.
3. Temperature dependence of the rate of a chemical reaction - Arrhenius equation, , posibilities of
determination of activation energy, preexponential factor.
4. Theory of chemical kinetics - collision theory, theory of absolute reaction rates.
5. Kinetics of heterogeneous reactions, basic steps of heterogeneous reaction - diffusion, adsorption,
chemical reaction on phase interface.
6. Mechanism and mathematical description of diffusion – molecular, convection and turbulent diffusion.
Fick’s first and second law of diffusion, diffusion flux. Diffusion (transport) limited reactions - basic
priciples – external and internal diffusion.
7. Heterogeneous process with consecutive and concurent steps, diffusion and chemical resistance.
Effect of various agents on diffusion kinetics. Diffusion limited heterogeneous process - technological
examples.
8. Surface phenomena and kinetics of reactions. Physical adsorption and chemisorption. Surface
properties of solid compounds, principles of adsorption processes. Electronic structure and adsorption
properties of metals, adsorption on semi-conductors and insulators. Adsorption at the solid/gas
interface and solid-liquid interface.
9. Empirical a theoretical adsorption isotherms - Freundlich's and Langmuir´s isotherms, BET model of
adsorption isotherm. Temperature and pressure effect on adsorption and desorption processes.
Application of surface processes – examples.
10. Kinetics of topochemical reactions, desription and analysis of particular periods. Kinetic curves.
Nucleation of new phases. Influence of phase interface on kinetics.
11. Kinetics of heterogeneous reactions in first-order systems – melting, boiling, sublimation, freezing
(crystallisation), condensation, polymorphic transformations. Examples of kinetics in second-order and
higher-order systems.
12. Principles of catalysis, homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. Intermediate steps and kinetics
of homogeneous catalytic reactions. Acid-basic catalysis.
13. Kinetics of heterogeneous catalytic reactions, mechanism, basic ideas of heterogeneous catalysis
reactions. Catalysis by metals and non-metals. Kinetics and mechanism gaseous compounds by solid
catalysator. Catalyst - selection, active centers, catalysts selectivity, promoters, poisoning and
ageing of catalyst. Choice of catalyst – theory. Industrial application of heterogeneous catalysis.
14. Enzyme-catalytic reaction, Michaelis constant, enzyme inhibition.
Conditions for subject completion
Occurrence in study plans
Occurrence in special blocks
Assessment of instruction