619-3025/01 – Physical Chemistry and Kinetics of Explosions (FCHaKE)
| Gurantor department | Department of Physical Chemistry and Theory of Technological Processes | Credits | 4 |
| Subject guarantor | doc. Ing. Lenka Řeháčková, Ph.D. | Subject version guarantor | doc. Ing. Lenka Řeháčková, Ph.D. |
| Study level | undergraduate or graduate | Requirement | Compulsory |
| Year | 1 | Semester | winter |
| | Study language | Czech |
| Year of introduction | 2019/2020 | Year of cancellation | |
| Intended for the faculties | FBI | Intended for study types | Follow-up Master |
Subject aims expressed by acquired skills and competences
- to define the thermodynamic quantities and thermodynamic laws
- to describe the chemical equilibrium – to monitor the dependence of the
equilibrium constant on state variables (dependence on temperature, dependence
on pressure)
– to utilize Le Chatelier’s principle (effect of initial composition, pressure
and inert component on the equilibrium composition)
- to describe the phase equilibrium - Gibbs phase rule, phase equilibria of pure
substances and liquid-vapour equilibrium in mixtures
- to define and apply basic principles of chemical kinetics - rate of chemical
reaction, kinetic equation, order of reaction, rate constant, the theory of
reaction rates
- to describe basic steps of heterogeneous process - physical processes limiting
kinetics of heterogeneous processes, diffusion, the Fick's first and second
law, adsorption, adsorption isotherms
- to apply the chemical thermodynamics a kinetics on the processes of
combustion, explosion and extinguishing
Teaching methods
Lectures
Individual consultations
Tutorials
Summary
Application of the physico-chemical laws on the processes of combustion,
explosion and extiguishing.
Compulsory literature:
Recommended literature:
Way of continuous check of knowledge in the course of semester
PREZENČNÍ STUDIUM
Požadované znalosti budou ověřovány v průběhu semestru formou samostatných semestrálních písemek. Finální ověření studijních výsledků je dáno zhodnocením požadavků v rámci zápočtu a úspěšným vykonáním kombinované zkoušky.
E-learning
No other activities are required.
Other requirements
No other activities are required.
Prerequisities
Co-requisities
Subject has no co-requisities.
Subject syllabus:
1. Introduction to the subject. The First law of thermodynamics, definition, signification, constant pressure heat, constant volume heat, enthalpy.
Theoretical calculation of reaction heats. Heat of combustion. Heat of explosion. Variation of the reaction heat with temperature - Kirchhoff’s equations and their utilization. Adiabatic reaction temperature.
2. The second law of thermodynamics. Thermodynamic potentials – Helmholtz and Gibbs free energy, significance and application. Chemical equilibrium.
3. Phase equilibrium. Gibbs phase rule, phase diagram of a one-component system (phase diagram for water). Evaporation of pure liquid. Clapeyron and Clausius-Clapeyron equation. Solutions, Raoult’s law. Distillation.
4. Chemical kinetics, basic terms - rate of chemical reaction, law of mass action, (Guldberg-Waage law), molecularity, order of reaction. Kinetics of first-order reactions, reaction half-life. Second-order reactions, nth-order reactions. Mechanisms of chemical reactions, rate-determining steps in consecutive and parallel reactions.
5. Temperature dependence of the rate of a chemical reaction - Arrhenius equation. Activation energy of chemical reaction – temperature dependence. Pressure dependence of the rate of a chemical reaction. Effect of concentration on reaction rate. Principles of catalysis, effect of catalysts and inhibitors on chemical reaction rate.
6. Collision theory of reaction rate. Activated-complex theory - theory of absolute reaction rates.
7. Kinetics of heterogeneous chemical reactions - elementary reaction steps in heterogenous process, diffusion, laws of diffusion and mathematical solution.
8. Consecutive and parallel diffusion, diffusion folloved by chemical reaction on phase interface.
9. Adsorption, adsorption of gases on solid surfaces, Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Adsorption folloved by chemical reaction on phase interface. Adsorption from liquid solutions, Gibbs adsorption isotherm.
10. Mechanism of burning reaction, theory of chain reactions - mathematical solution of differential equations.
11. Theory of thermal autoignition, flame temperature, calculation and graphic methods of flame temperature determination.
12. Dispersion explosive systems, general characteristics and concepts. Colloidal-dispersion systems and their properties. Adsorption from solution. Heterogeneous colloidal dispersions.
13. Theory of burning dispersion systems, hot cores. Burning mechanism of dust dispersions, kinetic and diffusion burning.
Conditions for subject completion
Occurrence in study plans
Occurrence in special blocks
Assessment of instruction