636-0407/02 – Techniques of Structure Characterization (MSS)

Gurantor departmentDepartment of Material EngineeringCredits8
Subject guarantorprof. Ing. Vlastimil Vodárek, CSc.Subject version guarantorprof. Ing. Vlastimil Vodárek, CSc.
Study levelundergraduate or graduateRequirementCompulsory
Year3Semestersummer
Study languageCzech
Year of introduction2012/2013Year of cancellation2019/2020
Intended for the facultiesFMTIntended for study typesBachelor
Instruction secured by
LoginNameTuitorTeacher giving lectures
VOD37 prof. Ing. Vlastimil Vodárek, CSc.
MAS0021 Ing. Anastasia Volodarskaja, Ph.D.
Extent of instruction for forms of study
Form of studyWay of compl.Extent
Full-time Credit and Examination 3+2
Part-time Credit and Examination 12+4

Subject aims expressed by acquired skills and competences

- Define basic reasons and aims of structural studies; - Describe fundamentals of optical microscopy, demonstrate basic applications of optical microscopy; - Characterise results of interaction of X ray radiation and electron beam with a specimen; - Define fundamentals of diffraction analysis, describe principles of spectral analysis; - Characterise fundamentals, possibilities and applications of transmission electron microscopy; - Characterise fundamentals, possibilities and applications of scanning electron microscopy; - Describe modern experimental techniques based on a scanning probe; - Demonstrate applications of structural analysis for solutions of technical problems.

Teaching methods

Lectures
Tutorials
Experimental work in labs

Summary

This course is dealing with basic principles, possibilities and limitations of the most important experimental techniques for structure characterization of technical materials. An attention is mainly paid to the following techniques: optical microscopy, X ray diffraction and spectral analyses, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X ray microanalysis and scanning probe microscopy techniques. Some examples of structure characterization of advanced materials are presented.

Compulsory literature:

WILLIAMS, D. B., C. B. CARTER. Transmission Electron Microscopy. A Textbook for Materials Science, Second Edition, New York: Springer-Verlag US, 2009. ISBN 978-0-387-76502-0. GOLDSTEIN, J., et al. Scanning electron microscopy and X – ray microanalysis, Third Edition, New York: Springer-Verlag US, 2003. ISBN 978-1-4613-4969-3.

Recommended literature:

WHISTON, C. X-ray methods. Chichester: Wiley Blackwell, 1987. ISBN-13: 978-0471913863.

Way of continuous check of knowledge in the course of semester

E-learning

Other requirements

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Prerequisities

Subject has no prerequisities.

Co-requisities

Subject has no co-requisities.

Subject syllabus:

Lectures: - Materialography - characterisation of structural parameters of technical materials. - Basic reasons and aims of materials structure characterisation. - Light microscopy. Beam diagrams in thin lenses. Focal distance. Depth of focus. Defects in thin lenses. Spatial resolution of light microscopy. - Scheme of light microscope. Methods of image contrast improvement: bright field, dark field, polarised light, phase contrast. Microhardness. - Preparation of specimens for light microscopy (metals, composites, ceramics). Chemical and electrolytic etching of specimens for revealing of microstructure. - Basic principles of quantitative microscopy. Typical applications of light microscopy in materials science. - Interaction of X rays and electrons with specimens. Diffraction on crystal lattice: Bragg´s equation. Reciprocal lattice. Ewald sphere. Absorption of radiation. - X ray diffraction on polycrystalline materials. Qualitative and quantitative analyses. Texture analysis. - X ray analysis on monocrystals. Applications of X ray diffraction for evaluation of internal stresses in technical materials: X ray tensometry. - X ray fluorescence analysis and X ray microscopy. Typical applications of X rays in materials science. - Principle of transmission electron microscope. Contrast mechanisms in amorphous and crystalline materials. Amplitude contrast: bright fied and dark field images. - Phase contrast: lattice image and high resolution structure imaging. Electron diffraction. Diffraction constant. Analysis of diffraction patterns - monocrystals and polycrystals. - Preparation of specimens for transmission electron microscopy: extraction carbon replicas and thin metallic foils. Preparation of specimens from non conductive materials. - Principle of scanning electron microscope. Basic mechanisms of image contrast formation. Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). Diffraction of backscattered electrons (EBSD). Preparation of specimens for scanning electron microscopy. - X ray microanalysis. Basic principles of wave length and energy dispersive microanalysis. Qualitative and quantitative X ray microanalysis. - Auger spectroscopy. Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). Energy filtered transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM). Typical applications of electron microscopy and X ray microanalysis in materials science. - Scanning probe microscopy techniques - Scanning tunelling microscopy (STM) and Atomic force microscopy (AFM). - Ion field microscopy and Atom probe FIM. Seminars: 1. Introduction. 2. Preparation of specimens for light microscopy, etching of specimens. Qualitative phase analysis. 3. Microcleanliness evaluation of steels. Grain size measurement. 4. Evaluation of volume fraction of phases in technical materials. Microhardness measurement of microstructural constituents and phases. 5. X-ray absorption in specimens. Basics of crystallography. Transformation matrices. 6. Qualitative X-ray diffraction analysis. 7. Quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis. 8. Test - light microscopy and X-ray diffraction. 9. Calculation of diffraction constant of electron microscope. Interpretation of ring diffraction patterns. 10. Interpretation of spot diffraction patterns. 11. Final test, credit.

Conditions for subject completion

Part-time form (validity from: 2012/2013 Winter semester, validity until: 2019/2020 Summer semester)
Task nameType of taskMax. number of points
(act. for subtasks)
Min. number of pointsMax. počet pokusů
Exercises evaluation and Examination Credit and Examination 100 (100) 51
        Exercises evaluation Credit 30  15
        Examination Examination 70  36 3
Mandatory attendence participation:

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Conditions for subject completion and attendance at the exercises within ISP:

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Occurrence in study plans

Academic yearProgrammeBranch/spec.Spec.ZaměřeníFormStudy language Tut. centreYearWSType of duty
2016/2017 (B3923) Materials Engineering (3911R030) Engineering Materials K Czech Ostrava 3 Compulsory study plan
2015/2016 (B3923) Materials Engineering (3911R030) Engineering Materials P Czech Ostrava 3 Compulsory study plan
2015/2016 (B3923) Materials Engineering (3911R030) Engineering Materials K Czech Ostrava 3 Compulsory study plan
2015/2016 (B3923) Materials Engineering (3911R028) Material Diagnostics P Czech Ostrava 3 Compulsory study plan
2015/2016 (B3923) Materials Engineering (3911R028) Material Diagnostics K Czech Ostrava 3 Compulsory study plan
2014/2015 (B3923) Materials Engineering (3911R030) Engineering Materials P Czech Ostrava 3 Compulsory study plan
2014/2015 (B3923) Materials Engineering (3911R028) Material Diagnostics P Czech Ostrava 3 Compulsory study plan
2014/2015 (B3923) Materials Engineering (3911R028) Material Diagnostics K Czech Ostrava 3 Compulsory study plan
2014/2015 (B3923) Materials Engineering (3911R030) Engineering Materials K Czech Ostrava 3 Compulsory study plan
2013/2014 (B3923) Materials Engineering (3911R028) Material Diagnostics P Czech Ostrava 3 Compulsory study plan
2013/2014 (B3923) Materials Engineering (3911R030) Engineering Materials P Czech Ostrava 3 Compulsory study plan
2013/2014 (B3923) Materials Engineering (3911R030) Engineering Materials K Czech Ostrava 3 Compulsory study plan
2013/2014 (B3923) Materials Engineering (3911R028) Material Diagnostics K Czech Ostrava 3 Compulsory study plan
2012/2013 (B3923) Materials Engineering (3911R030) Engineering Materials K Czech Ostrava 3 Compulsory study plan
2012/2013 (B3923) Materials Engineering (3911R028) Material Diagnostics K Czech Ostrava 3 Compulsory study plan
2012/2013 (B3923) Materials Engineering (3911R028) Material Diagnostics P Czech Ostrava 3 Compulsory study plan
2012/2013 (B3923) Materials Engineering (3911R030) Engineering Materials P Czech Ostrava 3 Compulsory study plan

Occurrence in special blocks

Block nameAcademic yearForm of studyStudy language YearWSType of blockBlock owner
FMMI 2013/2014 Full-time Czech Compulsory 601 - Study Office stu. block

Assessment of instruction



2015/2016 Summer
2013/2014 Summer