637-0132/02 – Metallurgy of Pure Metals (MČK)

Gurantor departmentDepartment of Non-ferrous Metals, Refining and RecyclingCredits5
Subject guarantorprof. Ing. Jaromír Drápala, CSc.Subject version guarantorprof. Ing. Jaromír Drápala, CSc.
Study levelundergraduate or graduateRequirementCompulsory
Year4Semestersummer
Study languageCzech
Year of introduction2000/2001Year of cancellation2010/2011
Intended for the facultiesFMTIntended for study typesMaster
Instruction secured by
LoginNameTuitorTeacher giving lectures
DRA30 prof. Ing. Jaromír Drápala, CSc.
Extent of instruction for forms of study
Form of studyWay of compl.Extent
Full-time Credit and Examination 3+2
Part-time Credit and Examination 20+0

Subject aims expressed by acquired skills and competences

Student will gain the following abilities: - understand necessity and significance of pure materials for development of new disciplines, such as microelectronics, optoelectronics … - classify manners of division and refining of materials, stages of purification and principles at production of highly pure materials. - describe basic characteristics of ion exchange, chromatography, sorption, extraction, distillation, rectification, transport reactions, electrodialysis, electrolysis, transfer of electricity. - understand significance of effective distribution coefficients at separation of substances and relationships with thermodynamics of phase balance. - use the theoretical knowledge of crystallisation methods of directional crystallisation and zonal melting, including CZ method at refining of substances and preparation of crystals. - analyse conditions at the phase interface solidus- liquidus and their influence on effective distribution coefficient, mass transfer, kinetics of growth of crystallic materials, concentration undercooling, convection and growth defects. - acquire and overview about techniques and equipment suitable for refining of specific materials - determine values of equilibrium and effective distribution coefficients from binary and ternary diagrams, thermodynamic equations and from experiment - select the suitable technology for obtaining of thin layers using epitaxial technology and diffusion processes

Teaching methods

Lectures
Seminars
Individual consultations
Tutorials
Project work

Summary

In new perspective areas of science and technology, as e.g. technology of semiconductors, microelectronics, optoelectronics, technology of superconductive materials, vacuum technology, nuclear metallurgy, space metallurgy and technology, materials, metals and their special alloys and compounds of a high chemical purity with defined physical and structural parameters and specific utility properties are required. The subject "Fundamentals of Metallurgy of Pure Metals" deals with methods of refining and preparation of high purity substances and the stress is laid not only on a high degree of chemical purity attainable by means of chemical and/or hydrometallurgical physicochemical methods, e.g. sorption, extraction, crystallization from aqueous solutions, electrolysis, but also by means of pyrometallurgical methods, such as crystallization from melts, evaporation, condensation and transport reactions, electrotransport, diffusion separation of substances, removing of gases from melts as well as refining of metals in vacuum. When preparing high purity metals by means of crystallization refining methods, zone melting and directional crystallization, which are principal methods of preparation of defined high purity metals, even in the single crystal form, a controlled redistribution of admixtures and impurities present in the basic substance occurs on the melt-crystal phase interface.

Compulsory literature:

DRÁPALA, J. and KUCHAŘ, L. Metallurgy of Pure Metals. Cambridge International Science Publishing Ltd., 2008. ASM Handbook, Vol. 2, Properties and Selection: Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials. ASM International, 1990. CHAUDRON G.: Monographies sur les métaux de haute pureté. Masson, Paris, T.1 - 1972, T.2 - 1977, T.3 - 1977, in French.

Recommended literature:

Hein, K., Buhrig, E. Barthel, J. Kuchař, L.: Kristallisation aus Schmelzen, VGI Leipzig 1983, 344 s. Kristallizacija iz rasplavov, Metallurgia Moskva, 1987. Vignorovich, V.N., Volpjan, A.J., Kurdujumov, G.M.: Napravlennaja kristallizacija I fizikochimičeskij analiz. Chimija Moskva, 1986, 200 s. Hadamovsky, H.F.: Werkstoffe der Halbleitertechnik. VEB Deutscher Verlag für Grundstoffindustrie, Leipzig, 1986, 386 s.

Way of continuous check of knowledge in the course of semester

2 control tests

E-learning

Yes – ½ of the subject

Other requirements

Project "refining technologies" - presentation in Power Point Project "proposal of refining technologies of selected metal" - purity 5N .. 6N 5 computer programs

Prerequisities

Subject has no prerequisities.

Co-requisities

Subject has no co-requisities.

Subject syllabus:

Theoretic bases of preparation of highly pure materials, properties and signification of pure materials. Methods of the description of purity, effect of impurities on the properties of substances. Classification of methods of separation and refining of substances, stage of cleaning and fundamentals at production of highly pure materials. Theoretic principles of ion exchange, chromatography, sorption and extraction. Theoretic principles of distillation, rectification, transport response, electro-dialysis, electrolysis, electro-transport. Equilibrium distribution coefficient - methods of determination, retrograde solubility, correlation dependencies of ko on different parameters Thermodynamic methods of determination ko, activity, activity coefficient, theory of ideal, dilute, regular and real solutions - Kaufman, Pelton Ternary systems, distribution coefficient in ternary system Conditions on the phase crystal - melt interface, kinetic and effective distribution coefficient, Burton - Prim – Slichter equation Methods of kef determination from experimental results, method of the material balance, Vigdorovich method, frozen zone, slot method Jackson's and Temkin's theory of crystallization, kinetics of the growth of crystalline materials Temperature and concentration conditions of crystallization, temperature and concentration undercooling, incidences, Tiller's equation Convection in melt, influence of the convection on origin defects, buoyancy, Marangoni, rotary, magnetic convection Crystallization methods, Classification of crystallization techniques Directional crystallization, Bridgman's method, Czochralsi method of drawing single crystals Zone melting, multiple zone refining, Burris - Stockman - Dillon theory, final distribution in the zone melting, techniques of zone melting, "floating zone" method Mass transfer in directional crystallization and zone melting, reasons, incidences Continuous zone refining, preparation of metals with homogenous distribution of elements, floating crucible method, zone levelling Epitaxial techniques for the formation of thin layers – LPE, VPE, LE, SPE, EEE, MBE methods Semiconductor materials, purification and production technology Preparation of semiconductor compounds from non-stoichiometric melt Refractory metals, purification and preparation of single crystals Preparation of special materials for microelectronics, optoelectronics, vacuum technique, nuclear techniques, energetic, transport, cosmonautics, highly fixed materials, memory alloys, intermetallic compounds Diffusion, PVD, CVD method Physical metallurgical characteristics of highly pure materials and methods of purity determination

Conditions for subject completion

Full-time form (validity from: 1960/1961 Summer semester)
Task nameType of taskMax. number of points
(act. for subtasks)
Min. number of pointsMax. počet pokusů
Exercises evaluation and Examination Credit and Examination 100 (145) 51 3
        Examination Examination 100  0 3
        Exercises evaluation Credit 45  0 3
Mandatory attendence participation:

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Conditions for subject completion and attendance at the exercises within ISP:

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Occurrence in study plans

Academic yearProgrammeBranch/spec.Spec.ZaměřeníFormStudy language Tut. centreYearWSType of duty
2009/2010 (M2109) Metallurgical Engineering (2109T016) Metalurgie železa a oceli K Czech Ostrava 6 Choice-compulsory study plan
2009/2010 (M2109) Metallurgical Engineering (2109T016) Metalurgie železa a oceli (03) Metallurgy of Iron and Steel P Czech Ostrava 5 Choice-compulsory study plan
2008/2009 (M2109) Metallurgical Engineering (2109T016) Metalurgie železa a oceli (03) Metallurgy of Iron and Steel K Czech Ostrava 6 Choice-compulsory study plan
2008/2009 (M2109) Metallurgical Engineering (2109T016) Metalurgie železa a oceli (03) Metallurgy of Iron and Steel P Czech Ostrava 5 Choice-compulsory study plan
2008/2009 (M3910) Physical and Materials Engineering (3911T019) Neželezné kovy (03) Non-ferous Metals P Czech Ostrava 4 Compulsory study plan
2007/2008 (M2109) Metallurgical Engineering (2109T016) Metalurgie železa a oceli (03) Metallurgy of Iron and Steel K Czech Ostrava 6 Choice-compulsory study plan
2007/2008 (M2109) Metallurgical Engineering (2109T016) Metalurgie železa a oceli (03) Metallurgy of Iron and Steel P Czech Ostrava 5 Choice-compulsory study plan
2007/2008 (M3910) Physical and Materials Engineering (3911T019) Neželezné kovy (03) Non-ferous Metals P Czech Ostrava 4 Compulsory study plan
2006/2007 (M2109) Metallurgical Engineering (2109T016) Metalurgie železa a oceli (03) Metallurgy of Iron and Steel K Czech Ostrava 6 Choice-compulsory study plan
2006/2007 (M2109) Metallurgical Engineering (2109T016) Metalurgie železa a oceli (03) Metallurgy of Iron and Steel P Czech Ostrava 5 Choice-compulsory study plan
2006/2007 (M3910) Physical and Materials Engineering (3911T019) Neželezné kovy (03) Non-ferous Metals P Czech Ostrava 4 Compulsory study plan
2005/2006 (M2109) Metallurgical Engineering (2109T016) Metalurgie železa a oceli (03) Metallurgy of Iron and Steel K Czech Ostrava 6 Choice-compulsory study plan
2005/2006 (M2109) Metallurgical Engineering (2109T016) Metalurgie železa a oceli (03) Metallurgy of Iron and Steel P Czech Ostrava 5 Choice-compulsory study plan
2005/2006 (M3910) Physical and Materials Engineering (3911T019) Neželezné kovy (03) Non-ferous Metals P Czech Ostrava 4 Compulsory study plan
2004/2005 (M2109) Metallurgical Engineering (2109T016) Metalurgie železa a oceli (03) Metallurgy of Iron and Steel K Czech Ostrava 6 Choice-compulsory study plan
2004/2005 (M2109) Metallurgical Engineering (2109T016) Metalurgie železa a oceli (03) Metallurgy of Iron and Steel P Czech Ostrava 5 Choice-compulsory study plan
2004/2005 (M3910) Physical and Materials Engineering (3911T019) Neželezné kovy (03) Non-ferous Metals P Czech Ostrava 4 Compulsory study plan
2003/2004 (M2109) Metallurgical Engineering (2109T016) Metalurgie železa a oceli (03) Metallurgy of Iron and Steel K Czech Ostrava 6 Choice-compulsory study plan
2003/2004 (M2109) Metallurgical Engineering (2109T016) Metalurgie železa a oceli (03) Metallurgy of Iron and Steel P Czech Ostrava 5 Choice-compulsory study plan
2003/2004 (M3910) Physical and Materials Engineering (3911T019) Neželezné kovy (03) Non-ferous Metals P Czech Ostrava 4 Compulsory study plan
2002/2003 (M2109) Metallurgical Engineering (2109T016) Metalurgie železa a oceli (03) Metallurgy of Iron and Steel K Czech Ostrava 6 Choice-compulsory study plan
2002/2003 (M2109) Metallurgical Engineering (2109T016) Metalurgie železa a oceli (03) Metallurgy of Iron and Steel P Czech Ostrava 5 Choice-compulsory study plan
2002/2003 (M3910) Physical and Materials Engineering (3911T019) Neželezné kovy (03) Non-ferous Metals P Czech Ostrava 4 Compulsory study plan
2001/2002 (M2109) Metallurgical Engineering (2109T016) Metalurgie železa a oceli (03) Metallurgy of Iron and Steel K Czech Ostrava 6 Choice-compulsory study plan
2001/2002 (M2109) Metallurgical Engineering (2109T016) Metalurgie železa a oceli (03) Metallurgy of Iron and Steel P Czech Ostrava 5 Choice-compulsory study plan
2001/2002 (M3910) Physical and Materials Engineering (3911T019) Neželezné kovy (03) Non-ferous Metals P Czech Ostrava 4 Compulsory study plan
2000/2001 (M2109) Metallurgical Engineering (2109T016) Metalurgie železa a oceli (03) Metallurgy of Iron and Steel K Czech Ostrava 6 Choice-compulsory study plan
2000/2001 (M2109) Metallurgical Engineering (2109T016) Metalurgie železa a oceli (03) Metallurgy of Iron and Steel P Czech Ostrava 5 Choice-compulsory study plan
2000/2001 (M3910) Physical and Materials Engineering (3911T019) Neželezné kovy (03) Non-ferous Metals P Czech Ostrava 4 Compulsory study plan

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