651-0402/02 – Physical Chemistry (FCH)
| Gurantor department | Department of Chemistry and Physico-Chemical Processes | Credits | 5 |
| Subject guarantor | prof. Ing. Jana Dobrovská, CSc. | Subject version guarantor | prof. Ing. Jana Dobrovská, CSc. |
| Study level | undergraduate or graduate | Requirement | Compulsory |
| Year | 2 | Semester | winter |
| | Study language | Czech |
| Year of introduction | 2022/2023 | Year of cancellation | |
| Intended for the faculties | HGF | Intended for study types | Bachelor |
Subject aims expressed by acquired skills and competences
- to define thermodynamic quantities and thermodynamic laws
- to utilize the fundamental thermodynamic quantities (enthalpy, entropy, Gibbs
energy) for the system behaviour describing
- to describe the chemical equilibrium – to monitor the dependence of the
equilibrium constant on state variables (dependence on temperature, dependence
on pressure)
- to describe the phase equilibrium, Gibbs phase rule, phase equilibrium of pure
substances
- to define and to utilize basic terms of chemical kinetics - homogeneous and
heterogeneous reaction, rate of chemical reaction, kinetic equation, order of
reaction, rate constant
- to monitor the dependence of the reaction rate on temperature and on pressure
- to describe basic processes of heterogeneous reactions – diffusion, adsorption;
to determine the rate-limiting process for heterogeneous processes
- to apply gained theoretical knowledge in routine
Teaching methods
Lectures
Individual consultations
Tutorials
Summary
The topic of the subject is chemical thermodynamics and chemical kinetics.
Compulsory literature:
Atkins,P.W., Physical Chemistry. Fourth Edition, Oxford: Oxford University
Press, 1993. 995 p.
ATKINS,Peter; De Paula,Julio. Elements of Physical chemistry. Fifth Edition. Oxford: University of Oxford, 2009. 578s.
Recommended literature:
Lupis,C.H.P.Chemical Thermodynamics of materials. New York, North-Holland,
1983. 581 p.
Way of continuous check of knowledge in the course of semester
- two calculation exam
- active participation in seminars
E-learning
Other requirements
No other activities required.
Prerequisities
Subject has no prerequisities.
Co-requisities
Subject has no co-requisities.
Subject syllabus:
Physical chemistry, signification, classification.
Chemical thermodynamics. Heat capacities, heating and cooling of substances. The first law of thermodynamics. Enthalpy, variation of the reaction enthalpy with temperature.
The second law of thermodynamics. Entropy and its interpretation. Helmholtz and Gibbs free energy. Chemical potential, activity.
Chemical equilibriums, equilibrium constant for homogeneous nad heterogeneous chemical reactions, Van´t Hoff reaction isotherm and isobare. The Le Chatelier’s principle.
Phase equilibrium - conditions of phase equilibrium. Gibbs phase rule, one-component system (Clapeyron and Clausius-Clapeyron equation), two-component (binary) system (ideal and real solutions, Raoult’s law and Henry’s law). Colligative properties of nonelectrolyte solutions - solutions with non-volatile solute. Phase diagram for two-component liquid mixtures (miscible liquids, partially miscible liquids, totally immiscible liquids). Distribution equilibrium.
The chemical kinetics - rate of chemical reaction, order of reaction, molecularity, rate constant, reaction mechanism. Integrated forms of the kinetic equation. The temperature dependence of the rate constant, Arrhenius equation. Kinetics of heterogeneous chemical reactions, elementary steps in heterogenous reactions.
Electrochemistry – electrolytes and theory of electrolytic dissociation. Strong electrolytes - activity and activitiy coefficient, Debye-Hückel limiting law. Solubility product. Equilibrium and dissociation in solutions of weak electrolytes - dissociation of week monobasic acids and bases, hydrolysis of salt, buffer solutions. Electrolysis, transport number, electric conductivity of electrolytes. Electrochemistry potentials, electrodes, galvanic cells.
Colloid chemistry - classification of dispersion systems, degree of dispersion. Selected kinetic, electrical and optical properties of colloid systems. Heterogeneous dispersion systems (lyophobic sols, emulsion, foam, aerosol).
Conditions for subject completion
Occurrence in study plans
Occurrence in special blocks
Assessment of instruction