651-2055/01 – Ecotoxicology (CAT/ETOX)
| Gurantor department | Department of Chemistry and Physico-Chemical Processes | Credits | 2 |
| Subject guarantor | prof. Ing. Blahoslav Maršálek, CSc. | Subject version guarantor | prof. Ing. Blahoslav Maršálek, CSc. |
| Study level | undergraduate or graduate | Requirement | Compulsory |
| Year | 2 | Semester | summer |
| | Study language | Czech |
| Year of introduction | 2022/2023 | Year of cancellation | |
| Intended for the faculties | FMT | Intended for study types | Bachelor |
Subject aims expressed by acquired skills and competences
The aim of the course is to get students acquainted with the ecotoxicological context of application, effectiveness and its testing and the enviromental impact of nanomaterials.
Teaching methods
Lectures
Summary
The lecture will get students acquainted with the definition of basic terms in ecotoxicology such as xenobiotics, toxic substance, organism exposure to toxic substance, toxic indices, interactions of toxic substance with organism (absorption, transport, biotransformation and excretion of toxic substance from organism), toxic effect and its dose dependence and types of toxic effects. Experimental methods of acute, subacute and chronic toxicity evaluation will be presented in the next part of the lecture. Emphasis will be placed on ecotoxicological bioassays and mechanisms of action of nanomaterials in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. The rest of the lessons will cover the topics of the most dangerous pollutants, such as persistent organic pollutants, pesticides, petroleum substances and others. Further lectures will be devoted to methods of ecotoxicity evaluation. The last lectures will be focused on the ecotoxicology of metallic and non-metallic nanomaterials, including specific interactions of nanomaterials with biological systems at various levels (cellular, tissue, organ, etc.).
Compulsory literature:
Recommended literature:
Way of continuous check of knowledge in the course of semester
Written exam.
E-learning
Other requirements
Requirements will be specified in lectures.
Prerequisities
Subject has no prerequisities.
Co-requisities
Subject has no co-requisities.
Subject syllabus:
1. Introduction, fundamental terms and concepts of toxicology, ecotoxicology and nanotoxicology. Classification of ecotoxicological bioassays.
2. Experimental design, test conditions, dilution series, GLP principles in experiments. Third generations of ecotoxicological bioassays, characteristics. Multi-species and single-species bioassays. Preservation of mother cultures for bioassays
3. Toxicity tests: application of tests, categorization of tests, description of principles of individual tests, liquid matrix tests, solid matrix tests (SPT), limits of toxicity tests, rules for selection into test batteries (screening & detailed analysis), importance of environmental risk analysis.
4. Genotoxicity tests: general introduction to genotoxic and progenotoxic substances, categorization of genotoxicity and mutagenicity tests, description of test methodologies and limits, evaluation, interpretation and extrapolation of test results, procedure for selection of suitable test systems - test battery, special tests
5. Practical aspects of ecotoxic genotoxic potential monitoring
6. Trophy tests, their incorporation into the system of ecotoxicological bioassays. Trophy and its influence on mass development of toxic microorganisms, (basic thesis), reference to optional subject Ecotoxicological aspects of biotoxins
7. Prolonged and chronic ecotoxicological bioassays. Physiological activity of test organisms as the indication of long-term effects, influence of toxicants on the cell cycle and next generations. Importance in the system of ecotoxicological bioassays.
8. Factors influencing the results of ecotoxicological bioassays and possibilities of their influence. Sources of variability, alternatives of bioassay evaluation. Influence of knowledge of ecotoxicological context on the representativeness of interpretation of the test results. Common interpretation of ecotoxicological bioassays and chemical analyzes. An integrated approach to the evaluation of ecotoxicological bioassays.
9. Legislative framework of ecotoxicological bioassays. Compulsory, recommended and alternative tests. Existence and use of standard methods, principles of good laboratory practice. Standardization and accreditation of ecotoxicological bioassays. National and European Approaches to Chemical Testing (REACH)
10. Ecotoxicology of nanomaterials: nanomaterial sources and pollution of individual components of the environment nanomaterials, their entrance, distribution and impact of such nanomaterials in the environment, ecotoxicity of nanomaterials to aquatic and soil organisms, air pollution of nanomaterials, tests of nanotoxic nanomaterials. Production of nanomaterials and their toxicity and ecotoxicity
Conditions for subject completion
Occurrence in study plans
Occurrence in special blocks
Assessment of instruction
Předmět neobsahuje žádné hodnocení.