651-2071/01 – Basics of toxicology (ZT)
| Gurantor department | Department of Chemistry and Physico-Chemical Processes | Credits | 2 |
| Subject guarantor | Ing. Jiří Pavlovský, Ph.D. | Subject version guarantor | Ing. Jiří Pavlovský, Ph.D. |
| Study level | undergraduate or graduate | Requirement | Compulsory |
| Year | 2 | Semester | winter |
| | Study language | Czech |
| Year of introduction | 2022/2023 | Year of cancellation | |
| Intended for the faculties | FMT | Intended for study types | Bachelor |
Subject aims expressed by acquired skills and competences
The aim of the course is submitting complete information about the harmful and toxic effects of substances (organic and inorganic), basic concepts of the toxicity, teratogenicity, mutagenicity, etc. Aspects of conversion of toxic substances are explained as in the human’s body with the individual processes. Part of course is also the legal site and toxicology valid norms, regulations, laws and regulations by the EU.
Teaching methods
Lectures
Summary
The course "Basics of toxicology" introduces students to the harmful toxic effects of chemicals (inorganic and organic), including methods of entry of these substances into the human body and their more detailed metabolism (biotransformation), including procedures of degradation (excretion) of toxic substances (xenobiotics), description toxicodynamic and toxicokinetic concepts, explanation of other concepts such as efficiency, dose, distribution, the effect of time (acute, chronic effects), absorption, etc. Part of the course is devoted to effect in the human body, the effect of toxic substances on mutation, carcinogenicity, reproduction, mutagenicity, as well as the effect of the toxicity of harmful substances on the function of individual organs in the human body in which toxic substances are eliminated or intoxication is observed. Furthermore, the course acquaints students with applicable laws and associated regulations and decrees in the field of chemical substances and chemical preparations, determining of the classification of substances or mixtures according to CLP 1272/2008/EC, current GHS regulation, labelling and packaging of substances and mixtures, Law No. 61/2014 Coll., on chemical substances and chemical mixtures and on the change of certain laws (Chemical law). Another form is information on the use of knowledge of toxicology in the field of chemistry, or in other fields, i.e. keeping records of chemicals, job description and handling of these substances, providing 1. aid with poisoning, safety issues with chemicals and laboratory safety.
Compulsory literature:
1. Hodgson, E., Levi P.E.: A Textbook of Modern Toxicology. Elsevier Sci. Publ., New York, Amsterdam, London, 1987.
2. Timbrell, J.A.: Introduction to Toxicology. The 2nd Edition. Taylor and Francis, London, 1994.
Recommended literature:
1. Murray, L., Daly, F., Little, M., Cadogan, M.: Toxicology Handbook, Kindle Edition, Publisher: Churchill Livingstone Australia, 2010.
Way of continuous check of knowledge in the course of semester
Oral exam.
E-learning
Other requirements
knowledge of inorganic chemistry, basics of organic chemistry
Prerequisities
Subject has no prerequisities.
Co-requisities
Subject has no co-requisities.
Subject syllabus:
1. Introduction to toxicology (history), its structure and content. Explanation of credit requirements (completion of the course). Toxicology division. Poisons and other pollutants. Poisons in the history. Theory of toxicity.
2. Routes of entry of substances into the human body (absorption, biotransformation, distribution process). Overview of the effects of poisons in the body. Acute and chronic effects of poisons in the body. General principles of treatment of poisoning. Toxicology versus other technical fields.
3. Explanation of important basic concepts in toxicology. The mechanism of effect of toxic substances, factors influencing the effects of toxic substances (including membrane entry). Interaction of toxic substances in the body.
4. Metabolism and disposal of toxins in the human body, first aid for acute poisoning, the treatment of chronic poisoning. Preventive protection against exposure to toxic and harmful substances.
5. Teratogenicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity of toxic substances, explanation of the organism-xenobiotic relationship.
6. The influence of the environment on toxicity, external influences, determination of toxicity for unknown substances. Influence of nanosubstances on toxicity (perspectives-advantages and disadvantages).
7. Valid legislation relating to toxic and harmful to health substances. Legislation Law: Corrigendum to Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on classification, labelling and packaging of substances and mixtures, regulation GHS, Law No. 61/2014 Coll.
8. Classification and coding of toxicological properties and hazards of chemical substances and preparations. (H, P sentences, signal words, etc.).
9. Toxicity of selected elements and inorganic compounds, part 1.
10. Toxicity of selected elements and inorganic compounds, part 2.
11. Toxicity of selected elements and inorganic compounds, part 3.
12. Toxicity of selected organic compounds, part 1.
13. Toxicity of selected organic compounds, part 2.
14. Toxicity of selected organic compounds, part 3.
Conditions for subject completion
Occurrence in study plans
Occurrence in special blocks
Assessment of instruction